1. Alexander the Great

2. Macedonia After the Peloponnesian War, Greece was divided and weak.
Macedonia, the Greek “hillbillies” to the north, was growing in power

3. Philip II 359 B.C. Philip II becomes king
Unites Macedonia and reorganizes the army
Quickly conquers Greece (all except Sparta)
4. Assassinated 336 B.C.

4. Alexander Becomes king at age 20
Learned warfare and politics from father, mother and his tutor Aristotle

5. Campaigns
334 B.C. Alexander leads a small but well trained and loyal army into Persia
333 B.C. defeats Persians at Issus
332 B.C. siege of Tyre
332 B.C. conquers Syria and goes to Egypt, where he is made Pharaoh
331 B.C. finishes Persian army at Gaugamela

6. The end of Alexander
Alexander tries to go into India, but his troops refuse to continue
323 B.C. Dies on the way home at age 33

7. Divided Alexander had no heir
His generals fought for control of his empire
Empire divided into 4 parts

8. Hellenism
Alexander helped create a new culture in the areas he conquered: Hellenism
Hellenism means “to imitate Greeks”

9. Hellenistic Achievements
Government
Democracy disappears; monarchy is back!
Philosophy
Epicureanism-pursue happiness and avoid pain
Stoicism- detach from emotion
Changes in art, literature and science
Laocoon and Sons