1. Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Rifaximin in Gastrointestinal Diseases 
Herbert L. DuPont, MD, MACP 
Mayo Clinic Proceedings 
Volume 90, Issue 8, Pages (August 2015)
DOI: /j.mayocp
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2. Figure 1 Chemical structure of rifaximin (C43H51N3O11).
Reprinted from Xifaxan (rifaximin) tablets [package insert],1 with permission from Salix Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp )
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3. Figure 2
In an animal model, treatment with rifaximin for 10 days and subsequent assessment 30 days posttreatment indicated a decrease in bacterial counts as measured by qPCR, but a long-term effect was restricted to the duodenum. qPCR = quantitative polymerase chain reaction. ∗P=.08.
From Dig Dis Sci,45 with permission.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp )
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4. Figure 3
In an in vitro model, rifaximin treatment of HEp-2 (laryngeal) cells decreased EAEC bacterial adhesion (A) and rifaximin treatment of A549 (lung) cells after incubation with Bacillus anthracis decreased bacterial internalization (B). EAEC = enteroaggregative Escherichia coli. ∗P<.002.
From Antimicrob Agents Chemother,44 with permission.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp )
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5. Figure 4
Proposed mechanisms of action of rifaximin as a gut microenvironment modulator with cytoprotection properties and effects on various gastrointestinal conditions. HE = hepatic encephalopathy; IBS-D = diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome; TD = travelers’ diarrhea.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp )
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