1. Now Britain Is All Alone!
With the fall of France, real American neutrality ends…

2. U. S. Lend-Lease Act, 1941
Great Britain $31 billion Soviet Union $11 billion France $3 billion China $1.5 billion Other European $500 million South America $400 million The amount totaled: $48,601,365,000

3. Lend-Lease

4. Battle of Britain: The “Blitz”

5. Battle of Britain: The “Blitz”

6. The London “Tube”: Air Raid Shelters during the Blitz

7. The Royal Air Force

8. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill

10. The Atlantic Charter
A meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill off the coast of Newfoundland (USS Augusta)They sign treaty of friendship in August 1941.
It solidifies their alliance.
It est. a blueprint for post-war world
Fashioned after Wilson’s 14 Points.
Calls for League of Nations type organization.

11. Operation Barbarossa: Hitler’s Biggest Mistake

12. Operation Barbarossa: June 22, 1941
3,000,000 German soldiers.
3,400 tanks.

13. So what leads to Pearl Harbor?
FDR secretly promises Churchill that the US would try to “force an ‘incident’ that could lead to war” with Germany
fall of 1941 the Merchant fleet is armed and expected to use “active defense”
October, German sub sinks the Reuben James and American destroyer

14. FDR is focused on Germany, and seeks to avoid a crisis with Japan…
the Panay, an American gunboat is destroyed on the Yangtze River
To continue building their empire, the Japanese needed steel, oil, heavy equipment and machine parts… and their primary supplier was the US

15. To prevent further Japanese expansion, the Roosevelt administration placed an embargo on certain goods..
When the Japanese move against Indochina in April 1941 (French colonies) the US freeze all assets in the US and block shipments of scrap iron and aviation fuel

16. The Japanese request a meeting with FDR, and he agrees provided that they withdraw from China and Indochina…
talks are conducted at a lower level, but both sides brace for war…
FDR expects an attack, but potentially in the Dutch East Indies or British Malaya (in search of rubber and oil)
But instead they attack Hawaii, an American colony

19. December 7, 1941
18 warships sunk or badly damaged
323 planes lost
2400 Americans died
FDR calls it “a day which will live in infamy”

20. Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin
The “Big Three”
Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin