1. KINGDOM FUNGI

2. CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNGI
- Eukaryotic
- Heterotrophic
- Most are multicellular
- Unicellular, yeast

3. MAJOR FEATURES
Cell walls composed of chitin: a strong flexible polysacchride
Hyphae are the basic structural filament units that make up the body of multicellular fungi
Mycelium is a netlike mass of hyphae found below ground
Fruiting Body is the reproductive structure found above ground
Septa are the cross walls that divide the hyphae into cells, these allow nutrients, cytoplasm, organelles, and nuclei to flow between cells

4. HYPHAE
MYCELIUM

5. Nutrition in Fungi Saprophytic Fungi
Saprobe is an organism that feeds on dead organisms or organic wastes
Decomposers and recycle nutrients back into the food web

6. Nutrition in Fungi Parasitic Fungi
Absorb nutrients from living cells or another organism called a host
Produce hyphae called haustoria which grow into the host tissue
Arthrobotrys are parasitic soil fungi that trap prey with rings of hyphae

7. Nutrition in Fungi Mutualistic Fungi
Live in combination with another organism for the benefit of both organisms
Plant or algae
Mycelia covers the roots of the soybean plant and absorbs sugar from the plant and increases water uptake and mineral absorption for the host plant

8. Reproduction Budding Asexual Resproduction Yeast cell
New cell develops attached to parent cell then pinches off

9. Reproduction Fragmentation
Occurs when the mycelium of a fungus is physically broken
If the broken fragment lands in a location suitable for growing hyphae will grow into new mycelia

10. Reproduction Spore Production
Most fungi able to reproduce sexually and asexually by producing spores
Spores a haploid reproductive cell with a hard outer coat
Spores develop into new organism without the fusion of gametes
Spore generates haploid hyphae and fuse with hyphae of another to become diploid
Diploid produce fruiting bodies that will produce zygotes that go through meiosis to produce haploid spores

11. Adaptations for Survival
Produces large quantities of spores, small and light weight
Spores protected by a cell wall, tough and water proof
Sporophores are the fruiting bodies of a spore-forming fungus
Sporangium is a sac or case in which spores are produced, provide protection