1. Warm-up Turn in old warm-up sheet to the bin
Where is water located on Earth?
*Chapter 9 Study Guide due next Friday (1/11)

2. Water Basics

3. Water Cycle
The water cycle is the continuous movement of Earth’s water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.

4. Water Cycle

5. The processes of the Water Cycle
Infiltration, condensation
Evaporation
Condensation
Transpiration
Precipitation

6. rain, snow, sleet or hail from clouds onto Earth’s surface.
Precipitation
rain, snow, sleet or hail from clouds onto Earth’s surface.

7. Infiltration
downward movement of water through the pores and other spaces found in soil

8. Condensation
takes place when water vapor cools and changes into water droplets that form clouds in the atmosphere

9. Runoff
precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. This water usually enters oceans

10. takes place when water from Earth’s surface changes into water vapor
Evaporation
takes place when water from Earth’s surface changes into water vapor

11. Transpiration
evaporation of water from leaves of plants causing the uptake of water from roots in the soil

12. Watershed- A region of land where water flows down into a specified body, such as a river, lake, sea, or ocean; or drainage basin.
Tributaries – streams that flow into other streams
A divide is a high land area that separates one watershed from another.

13. Questions to Ponder Where is water located on earth?

16. World’s Freshwater Resources

19. Questions to Ponder Where is water located on earth?
What is its chemical structure?
Where do we fit in?

20. Why Do Organisms Need Water?
Most metabolic processes require water
Water is the “universal solvent” – stuff can dissolve in it including food and waste products.

21. Questions to Ponder Where is water located on earth?
What is its chemical structure?
Where do we fit in?

22. Runoff Forms of precipitation
On ground: evaporate, soak into ground, snow/glacier, or runoff
Runoff may: evaporate, soak, freeze/glacier, or runoff into river, lake or ocean

23. Conditions to Soak (Infiltration)
Vegetation – slows down runoff
Rate of Precipitation – time to soak
Soil Composition – large enough pores (spaces) with room for water
Slope – erosion on steeper slopes

24. A Bit about Soil
Sand (coarse particle size), silt (medium), clay (very fine) and organic matter (humus)
Which soil type would drain the fastest? Why?

25. Water Quality
The amount of dissolved material (solution) is monitored for water quality
PPM – parts per million
Pollution huge problem from road runoffs, sewage spills, pesticides runoffs from home and commercial land

26. Human Activities that Impact the Water Cycle
Use of toxic chemicals in agriculture and manufacturing and runoff from chemical fertilizers and pesticides can pollute surface water or seep into the ground to contaminate groundwater
Clear-cutting forests reduces the amount of water plants return to the atmosphere by transpiration.