1. Structure and Function
The Eukaryotic Cell
Structure and Function

2. The Nucleus The organelle that immediately identifies eukaryotic cells
It houses the DNA (the genetic information) for the cell
It is the control center of the cell

3. Nucleolus Found inside the nucleus
It is the dark spot inside the nucleus
It is responsible for the partial construction of the ribosomes of the cell
Remember: The nucleolus helps make the ribosomes, and the ribosomes make the protein by linking amino acids together

4. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transport Highways of the cell
Two Types:
Rough & Smooth

5. Functions of Rough & Smooth ER
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Studded with ribosomes, and because of this are associated with the synthesis of proteins
This is why it is called “rough”
It looks bumpy
The proteins are transported by this membrane network
Lipid and cholesterol synthesis occur here
It also detoxifies drugs and pesticides
It has a smooth surface, hence the name smooth ER

6. Vesicles
Membrane-bound sacs that are needed to transport substances around the cell
These are also made and broken down when LARGE molecules are brought into the cell or when they need to leave the cell

7. Golgi Apparatus/Body http://micro. magnet. fsu
A flattened membrane with swarms of vesicles all around
It receives, modifies (checks), and repackages proteins sent to it by the rough ER through vesicles
The new protein, once repackaged, are shipped out by other vesicles

8. Mitochondria A double-membrane organelle that has its own DNA
Cell Respiration occurs here: converting glucose (carb) into energy to do work (ATP)
Powerhouse of the eukaryotic cell

9. Lysosomes http://mtbcells.weebly.com/lysosome.html
A specialized vesicle that contains digestive enzymes
It travels around the cell eating up debris and worn-out organelles
Clean-up crew of the cell

10. Plant vs. Animal Cells
Both eukaryotic, but have some differences

11. Vacuoles Storage organelles of the cell
Store nutrients, cell products, excess water (plants)

12. Vacuoles: Plant vs. Animal Cells
Plant cell
Animal Cell

13. Chloroplasts Only found in plant and algae cells
Needed to carry out photosynthesis: using light energy to make food (glucose) for the cell
Like mitochondria these have their own DNA and consist of a double membrane

14. Cell Wall Found in bacterial, fungal, some protistan, and plant cells
The cell wall of plant cells are made up of cellulose
It surrounds the outside of the cell membrane to give the cell more structural support

15. Centrioles http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/centriol.htm
Only found in animal cells
Needed to direct the formation of the mitotic spindle during cell division
The spindle fibers are special proteins visible during mitosis that separate the cell and the contents of the nucleus