1. p486

2. You can do something
today to prevent heart
disease in your future.
Eat some fruit.
p490

3. Figure 15.1 Cholesterol in Our Food
Food sources of cholesterol in the U.S. diet. Percentages indicate the
proportion of cholesterol each type of food contributes to the diet.
Figure 15-1 p491

4. Figure 15.2 Checkup Chart
Figure 15-2 p491

5. A child’s risk of heart
disease later in life
depends on many
factors, including family
history, diet, and
physical activity.
p492

6. Figure 15.3 How Diabetes Affects the Body
Diabetes affects almost every organ system of the body in complex and often subtle ways.
Figure 15-3 p494

7. Figure 15.4 Consequences of High Blood Pressure
If left untreated, elevated blood pressure can damage blood vessels in several areas of the body and lead to serious
health problems.
Figure 15-4 p499

8. Table 15-1 p500 8

9. Table 15-2a p503 9

10. Table 15-2b p503 10

11. Figure 15.5 The Healthy Heart
The heart muscle is nourished by blood from the coronary arteries, which
arise from the aorta. (b) The cross section shows the four chambers and
the myocardium, the muscle that does the heart’s work. The pericardium
is the outer covering of the heart.
Figure 15-5a p505

12. Figure 15.5 The Healthy Heart
The heart muscle is nourished by blood from the coronary arteries, which
arise from the aorta. (b) The cross section shows the four chambers and
the myocardium, the muscle that does the heart’s work. The pericardium
is the outer covering of the heart.
Figure 15-5b p505

13. Figure 15.6 The Path of Blood Flow
Blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries,
which lead to the lungs, where gas exchange (oxygen for carbon dioxide)
occurs. Oxygenated blood returning from the lungs drains into the left
atrium and is then pumped into the left ventricle, which sends the blood
into the aorta and its branches. The oxygenated blood flows through
the arteries, which extend to all parts of the body. Again, gas exchange
occurs in the body tissues; this time oxygen is “dropped off” and carbon
dioxide “picked up.”
Figure 15-6 p506

14. Hostility in men of any
age can increase their
risk of heart attacks
and heart disease.
p507

15. Figure 15.7 How Atherosclerosis Happens
LDL cholesterol penetrates an artery wall, and the accumulation of LDL cholesterol triggers an inflammation. Macrophages
engulf the LDL and become foam cells. The artery wall creates a fibrous cap over this plaque, and the artery is
narrowed. If the plaque ruptures, blood clots can block blood flow to the heart or to the brain.
Figure 15-7 p511

16. Figure 15.8 The Effects of Stroke on the Brain
Figure 15-8 p515

17. Figure 15.8 The Effects of Stroke on the Brain
Figure 15-8a p515

18. Figure 15.8 The Effects of Stroke on the Brain
Figure 15-8b p515

19. Figure 15.9 Metastasis, or Spread of Cancer
Cancer cells can travel through the blood vessels to spread to other organs or through the lymphatic system
to form secondary tumors.
Figure 15-9 p517

20. Figure 15.10 Sex Differences in Cancer Rates and Deaths
Figure p518

21. Figure 15.11 ABCD: The Warning Signs of Melanoma
An estimated 95 percent of cases of melanoma arise from an existing
mole. A normal mole is usually round or oval, less than 6 millimeters
(about 1⁄4 inch) in diameter, and evenly colored (black, brown, or tan).
Seek prompt evaluation of any moles that change in ways shown in
the photo.
Figure p522

22. Table 15.3 A Woman’s
Risk of Developing
Breast Cancer
Table 15-3 p522

23. Figure 15.12 Breast Self-Exam
The best time to examine your breasts is after your menstrual period every month.
Figure p524

24. Figure 15.12 Breast Self-Exam
The best time to examine your breasts is after your menstrual period every month.
Figure 15-12a p524

25. Figure 15.12 Breast Self-Exam
The best time to examine your breasts is after your menstrual period every month.
Figure 15-12b p524

26. Figure 15.12 Breast Self-Exam
The best time to examine your breasts is after your menstrual period every month.
Figure 15-12c p524

27. p525

28. p525

29. p525

30. Figure 15.13 Testicular Self-Exam
The best time to examine your testicles is after a hot bath or shower,
when the scrotum is most relaxed. Place your index and middle fingers
under each testicle and the thumb on top, and roll the testicle between
the thumb and fingers. If you feel a small, hard, usually painless lump or
swelling, or anything unusual, consult a urologist.
Figure p525

31. The bacterium Helicobacter
pylori has flagella
that enable it to tunnel
beneath the protective
layer coating the stomach
lining.
p527