1. Daily Warm-Up Exercises
Day 19
What is ice wedging (or frost wedging)?
Ice wedging is a physical weathering process. It happens when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands, pushing outward and breaking the rock apart.
What is the difference between weathering and transport?
Weathering is when rocks break apart. Transport is when rock pieces are carried from one place to another.
What is a process?
a series of events or actions that produces an outcome
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1
Daily Warm-Up Exercises

2. Sedimentary Sequence of Events
Just after deposition, sand is loosely packed (lots of space)
Sand is compacted over an extended period of time (very little space)
Water carrying dissolved matrix seeps into the sand
Sand is cemented together by matrix as water evaporates

3. Station Assignments Station 1: Stream Table
Observe the stream table and record observations on Lab p. 26&27. (Use RBV2 page 110 to include 9+ vocab.)
Station 2: Multimedia Stream Table
Pick 2 of the 3 given variables to test.
(Divide p. 29 in 1/2, explain everything.)
Station 3: Resources Book Reading
Read Grand Canyon Flood! (RBV2)
(Pages & Think Questions in Notebook, label, use complete sent.)

4. Make Sandstone (Part 5)
Investigation 4
My Sediments Exactly

5. Compare Sand & Sandstone
What's the same about sand and sandstone?
They're both made up of small particles of rock.
What's different about them?
The sandstone is glued together. The sand is loose. 5
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 5

6. Matrix
The material that glues the sand together in sandstone is called a matrix.
Several materials can act as the matrix in sandstone.
Today, you will make sandstone using a matrix called sodium silicate. 6
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 6

7. Sodium Silicate Silicate minerals are found in many kinds of rocks.
These minerals may be chemically weathered & dissolved in water.
Our solution is a mixture of sodium silicate and water.
similar to the solution found in nature

8. Basin In the stream table, what happened to the eroded material?
The water carried it downhill and deposited it in a lower area.
Low areas are called basins. You will use a plastic container as your model basin.
*Follow the recipe on page 33 to make sandstone.

9. Day 20 Where would we find large collections of sand?
How could sodium silicate get between the sand grains?
beaches, sand dunes
Water (from rain or streams) with a lot of dissolved sodium silicate could seep into the sand. 9
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 9

10. Sedimentary Sequence of Events
Just after deposition, sand is loosely packed (lots of space)
Sand is compacted over an extended period of time (very little space)
Water carrying dissolved matrix seeps into the sand
Sand is cemented together by matrix as water evaporates

11. Questions How can acid or water soak into sandstone?
There are spaces between grains that can hold liquid.
What type of rock is sandstone?
sedimentary 11
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 11

12. Examine & Compare Use a hand lens to examine your model sandstone.
Compare your model to Coconino Sandstone. Record similarities and differences. Think about:
* use a Venn diagram
the origin & shape of the sand
the matrix that holds the sandstone together
the size and compactness of the sand grains
evidence for your conclusions