1. Abolition Movement
Ideas and Leaders

2. The daily life of slaves.
Living Conditions – large families in one-room cabins; unbalanced diets, no running water or poor sanitation
Some slaves became artisans
Allowed to marry and have children
Many subjected to Cruel Punishments and denied basic human rights
Could be sold and separated from family at anytime.

3. Nat Turner’s Rebellion
August 1831 in Southampton County, Virginia
Nat Turner, a black religious leader led slaves on attack
They killed 60 whites, including men, women, and children
Spread fear among slave owners
States passed stricter laws controlling activities of free and enslaved blacks

4. ABOLITION when a law or a system is officially ended
Principles behind Abolition Movement
Political – “All men are created equal”
Religious – equal in the eyes of God
Abolitionists wanted the immediate, emancipation of all slaves.
Involved men and women

5. Who Were the Abolitionists?

6. Frederick Douglas Escaped from slavery at age 20
Wrote 3 autobiographies
Published anti-slavery newspaper, The North Star
Toured the North giving speeches and appearing at public anti-slavery events.
Supported Women’s Rights Movement
Frederick Douglass

7. William Lloyd Garrison
From Boston
Published The Liberator, 1831
Organized New England Anti-Slavery Society, 1832
Went to Europe to gain support for abolition
Saw slavery as morally wrong

8. Harriet Beecher Stowe Born into a religious family of Abolitionists
Wrote the book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1853 after meeting runaway slaves and hearing their experiences
Book was a best seller that made many Americans aware of the evils of slavery

9. John Quincy Adams
In 1836, Congress passes the GAG RULE – preventing any bills restricting or ending slavery
Q. Adams fought against the gag rule calling it unconstitutional.
The gag rule was finally suspended in 1844

10. Harriet Tubman Most famous “Conductor” of the Underground Railroad
After escaping herself, she made 19 separate trips back to the South and helped about 300 slaves escape to freedom
She was called “Mama Moses”
She served as a spy for the Union during the Civil War

11. Underground Railroad
Study Guide Question #8-How did the Underground Railroad operate?
Secret network of abolitionists who worked together to help runaway slaves reach freedom in the North or in Canada
Runaways would travel miles before they reached the next “station” which would be houses, barns, or cellars of white or free black people who chose to help them escape.
They would be helped along the routes by people like Harriet Tubman, called “conductors”