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Joints Articulations Chapter 9.

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Presentation on theme: "Joints Articulations Chapter 9."— Presentation transcript:

1 Joints Articulations Chapter 9

2 Joint Classifications
Structural Classification Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial Functional Classification Synarthrosis Amphiarthrosis Diarthrosis

3 Fibrous Joints Lack a synovial cavity
Bones held closely together by fibrous connective tissue 3 structural types sutures syndesmoses gomphoses

4 Sutures Thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue unites bones of the skull Immovable (synarthrosis) If fuse completely in adults is synostosis

5 Syndesmoses Fibrous joint bones united by ligament
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)

6 Gomphoses Ligament holds cone-shaped peg in bony socket
Immovable (synarthrosis)

7 Cartilaginous Joints Lacks a synovial cavity
Allows little or no movement Bones tightly connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage 2 types synchondroses symphyses

8 Synchondroses Connecting material is hyaline cartilage
Immovable (synarthrosis)

9 Symphyses Fibrocartilage is connecting material
Slightly movable (amphiarthroses)

10 Synovial Joints Synovial cavity separates articulating bones
Freely moveable (diarthroses) Articular cartilage reduces friction absorbs shock Articular capsule surrounds joint thickenings in fibrous capsule called ligaments Synovial membrane inner lining of capsule secretes synovial fluid containing hyaluronic acid slippery) brings nutrients to articular cartilage

11 Movements of Synovial Joints
Gliding

12 Movements of Synovial Joints
Angular Movements

13 Movements of Synovial Joints
Angular Movements - abduction and adduction

14 Movements of Synovial Joints
Angular Movements - circumduction

15 Movements of Synovial Joints
Rotation

16 Movements of Synovial Joints
Special Movements

17 Movements of Synovial Joints

18 Types of Synovial Joints

19 Joints Summary

20 Hip Replacement

21 Knee Replacement

22 Knee Replacement

23 Rheumatoid Arthritis Autoimmune disorder Cartilage attacked
Inflammation, swelling & pain Final step is fusion of joint

24 Osteoarthritis Degenerative joint disease
aging, wear & tear Noninflammatory---no swelling only cartilage is affected not synovial membrane Deterioration of cartilage produces bone spurs restrict movement Pain upon awakening--disappears with movement

25 Gouty arthritis Uric acid crystals build up in joints---pain
waste product of DNA & RNA metabolism builds up in blood deposited in cartilage causing inflammation & swelling Bones fuse

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