1. The City of Chicago: 77 community areas 2015 Population: 2,717,534
Talking Points: In December when we started this process the board asked for heats maps. We worked with a consultant from University of Chicago’s Chapin Hall to develop a series of maps showing current conditions throughout Chicago. Our hypothesis was that race would equal need in the city. In order to do that we looked at a few quality of life indicators to examine need in the context of race. So here’s our city: 200 square miles, 77 community areas, with a total 2015 population of 2,717,534.
Definitions from source below:
Source:
Community areas. Community areas, of which there are 77 in Chicago, are supposed to be homogeneous neighborhood-like districts. Many, but not all, do in fact correspond quite closely to neighborhoods that would be recognized by their residents; examples of these are Hyde Park and Uptown. Community areas are peculiar to Chicago. They were apparently first proposed by members of the Social Science Research Committee at the University of Chicago during the 1920s. They have been used ever since by the city government as statistical units. They have the virtue of consistency; except for the addition of O'Hare and the splitting of Edgewater from Uptown, they have remained unchanged since their inception. The U.S. Census Bureau does not compile data for community areas. Although most community area boundaries are coincident with census tract boundaries, because the city limits intersect census tract boundaries in several places, it is not possible to derive community area data from census tract data in a straightforward way.
Census tracts. Census tracts are small areas that are supposed to be somewhat homogeneous. Census tracts ideally have something like 1200 households (perhaps people), but, in Chicago, population varies from 0 up to 10,000. Census tracts in the city of Chicago have remained nearly constant since the 1920s, but the numbering system has changed. There are ca. 866 census tracts in Chicago. Census tracts in the suburbs have changed a great deal over the years, in most cases by splitting.
Census blocks. Census blocks correspond closely to blocks that any urban resident would identify. Only limited data are available at the block level, and some figures that one might think would be available are suppressed to prevent identification of individuals. Census-to-census comparison is difficult because of changing systems of block identification. There are something like 10,000 census blocks in Chicago.
Census data are available for other geographic units as well. Block groups consist of several blocks; there are typically between three and five block groups to a tract. All the variables enumerated at the tract level are, in theory, enumerated at the block group level too, but data suppression is more common, and census-to-census comparison is difficult. Census data are also available for zip codes, congressional districts, and (outside of Chicago proper) places (e.g., cities), and minor civil divisions (i.e., townships). The City of Chicago (but not the Census Bureau) has occasionally released demographic data for wards.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

2. Racial and ethnic geography
Talking Points: Even though we know that more integration leads to a better quality of life, Chicago has long been known as one of the most segregated cities in the country and we see this on this map through the distribution of different racial and ethnic groups. The Chicago population of 2.7 Million is roughly just under 1/3 Latino, 1/3 African American, just over 1/3 white and 5% Asian and 1% Other.
Data Source: Majority race or ethnic group by census block group Based on 2015 U.S. Census file Latino by Race B03002 American Community Survey 5 year estimates. Majority group determined by which racial or ethnic group made up 50% or more of the total population of a given block group. If no group was more than 50% that block group was assigned a “No Majority” classification.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

3. Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Study Area: The part of Chicago where the White population is less than 10%. The Study Area makes up approximately 41% of the city’s population.
Talking Points: The following slides will look at 2 Chicago’s: Inside the study area and outside of it. As you can see the study area corresponds to Black and Latino populations.
Data Source: The study area for this project is based on contiguous block groups where less than 10% of the total population was not white. While there may have been some isolated block groups outside of this study area where the total population was less than 10% white they were left out of this analysis because they were outliers in there respective neighborhoods. Based on 2015 U.S. Census file Latino by Race B03002 American Community Survey 5 year estimates.
The Study Area makes up approximately 41% of the city’s population. This equals about: 1,114,189 people.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

4. Poverty
The poverty rate in the Study Area is 32% or double that of the remainder of Chicago.
Talking Points: This is the percent of the total population living below the poverty line-those most in need. 32% of the households within the study area are living in poverty which is double the remainder of Chicago, with some areas exceeding 50%. To provide some context the poverty line in 2015 was less than $12,000/year for one person and just under $24,000 for a family of four per year.
Data Source: 2015 Federal poverty levels are: $11,670 for a household of one person and $23,850 for a family of 4.
Percent of total population living below the poverty line. Based on 2015 U.S. Census file Total Population in Poverty B17021 American Community Survey 5 year estimates.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

5. Crime
The violent crime rate is 350% higher in the study area than in the remainder of Chicago.
Talking Points: Violent Crime is highly concentrated in the Study Area. At 56 violent crimes per 1,000 residents the violent crime rate is 3.5 times or 350% higher in our Study Area than in the remainder of Chicago. Violent crimes are composed of homicides, aggravated assaults, batteries, criminal sexual assault and robbery. And this speaks volumes about quality of life and how safe people feel on their block or in their park.
Data Sources: Total violent crimes per 1,000 residents Crime data based off of all recorded crime from Jan. 1st 2015 to Dec. 31st 2015 as found on the on the City of Chicago data portal: Total population based on 2015 U.S. Census file Latino by Race B03002 American Community Survey 5 year estimates. Violent crimes are composed of homicides, aggravated assaults, batteries, criminal sexual assault and robbery as detailed in the 2010 CPD Annual Report:
Note on the outliers in the map: This map reflects Chicago’s night time population
If a crime happens to someone, it looks at geography but tags crime in the loop. The Loop looks the way it does based on night time population of where people live but 24 hour counts of crime. (i.e. not as many people live in the Loop but there are more crimes per 1,000 residents).
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

6. Educational Attainment
Elementary school students in the study area perform on standardized tests at the 38th percentile vs. the 67th percentile for the remainder of the City.
Talking Points: On average students in the study area perform on standardized tests at the 38th percentile, approximately half the rate of for the remainder of Chicago.
We are seeing great disparity in outcomes for education. This is based on new common core standardized tests known as the PARCC test.
Data Source: Student Attainment measures how well the school performed on standardized tests at a single point in time, in this case Spring This school's scores are compared to national average scores. A 50th percentile score means the school is performing at the same level as the national average school. As found on the on the City of Chicago data portal:
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

7. 82% of the 49 CPS school closures in 2013 were within the study area.
Talking Points: We were curious about what it would look like to see the school closings and how they affected students. So this is the resulting map that shows how the school closings disproportionately affected school closings with the disruptions of other students coming in, going to a new school across town and
We’ll get to commute times in a minute, but you can see how dramatically the closings were across the study area.
When we layer on the 2013 CPS school closings, the students who most need a stable education environment were most impacted by the impacted by school closings in 2013.
Data Source: Based on data from Chicago Public Schools and The Chicago Tribune:
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

8. Health
28% of Study Area residents are uninsured. This is 75% higher than the remainder of Chicago based on 2014 data.
Talking Points: We are also seeing widely disparate outcomes for health. 28% of the population in the study area lacks Health Insurance
Study Area residents are uninsured at a rate 75% higher than the rest of the city. 1/3 of the population does not have health insurance in some areas.
Also if we were to map obesity or asthma rates or access to fresh produce or mental health services it would look largely the same. When you think about what this indicates in terms of people using Emergency Rooms as primary care, this represents a huge cost for us taxpayers.
Data Source: Percent of the total population without health care insurance. Based on Cities data from the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention: at the census tract level.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

9. Access to Jobs
22% of the Study Area population faces commutes to work in excess of 60 minutes, a rate that is 70% higher than the remainder of Chicago.
Talking points: The study area population faces long commute times. Especially relative to job centers which are certainly in the Loop but also increasingly in the North, Western, and Northwestern suburbs. 22% of the Study Area population faces commutes to work in excess of 60 minutes, a rate that is 70% higher than the remainder of Chicago. As a mother looking at this slide thinking about the logistics of my day if I lived in the study area, getting the kids out the door and then was commuting an excess of an hour each way for a job or perhaps two jobs that only pay $13 an hour the commute times are unsustainable.
Side note: As of 2015 the unemployment rate within the study area was 11.8% and outside of it the unemployment rate was 5.6%.
Data Source: Percent of all workers 16 & older who did not work at home with one way commute times greater than 60 minutes. Source: US Census American Community Survey 2015 five year estimates, B08134 MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK BY TRAVEL TIME TO WORK Nationally only 8% of commuters had commutes longer than 60 minutes. One way. All modes of transport. Average commute time in Chicago is: around 33.4 minutes. Approximately 50% drove alone
Employees in Chicago, IL have a longer average commute time than the national average of 25.2 minutes. 3.9% of the workforce in Chicago, IL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes. That is higher than the national average of 2.8%.
Source: US Census.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

10. Access to Arts
Of the 387 arts organizations in Chicago only 13% of them are headquartered within the Study Area.
Talking Points: Another huge quality of life issue is access to arts organizations. Yet residents who are in desperate need of inspiration and beauty aren’t getting it in their neighborhoods. Only 13% are headquartered in the study area. Additionally, We see in an area beset by issues there is a desperate need to counter that with beauty and inspiration. Additionally those organizations within the Study Area are so underfunded that they have less capacity to offer programming.
Data Source: Arts partners by number of programs offered in Based on 2016 data from Ingenuity, Inc. :
The term "community arts partner" encompasses a range of education providers including individual teaching artists, grassroots organizations, and large cultural institutions. Ingenuity's data collection process does not require these community arts partners to have a certain legal structure. In fact, the pool of community arts partners that are active each year tends to include a wide range of non-profit, for-profit, and public organizations that provide some sort of arts education programming or resource to CPS schools.
The data on community arts partners are collected from two sources: CPS schools and arts partners themselves. 
Schools log in to Ingenuity's artlook Schools portal once each year to complete the Creative Schools Survey, which asks questions on staffing and instruction, budgeting and planning, and community partnerships. These data are entered by an Arts Liaison--a school staff member nominated by the principal to serve as the school's voluntary arts leader and champion--in every participating school. The data that is entered informs schools' Creative Schools Certification (ranging from "Incomplete Data" to "Excelling"), which is reflected on the schools' annual progress reports as well as Ingenuity's artlook Map. The Certification serves as a summary measure of the quantity of arts education available in each school; the publication of the category for each school helps to raise arts education awareness for all stakeholders and can serve as a valuable input into efforts to ensure that every school in CPS has access to a quality education in the arts.
The process of collecting data from partners is similar. Arts partners log in to Ingenuity's artlook Partners portal to provide data on their organization, educational offerings, and school partnerships. These data are also made publicly available on Ingenuity's artlook Map, allowing schools to find the programs that meet student need and fill programmatic gaps.
The portals are built in a way that connects partnership data reported through artlook Schools and artlook Partners, which allows both parties to cross-check and verify these data. If a school wishes to report a partnership with a community arts partner that does not already exist in our database, the partner goes into a "Pending Partner Queue" and is researched before being added.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl

11. Two Chicagos Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Talking Points: To conclude, these maps tell us that there are two vastly different Chicago’s with dramatically different experiences at every level from who can afford to buy apples to who has asthma. Study are residents have lower educational achievement, fewer arts organizations, much higher crime and longer commute times. These are just a few of the quality of life indicators we looked at. This is not everything and we know a lot is missing. There are also some hopeful stories out there too that we hear from our grantees every day, so the news is not all bad.
I presented this to my Funders Network Fellowship cohort last week of fellow program officers and they were really impressed with the maps and they could easily relate this situation to their own cites. Also we have shared this with many grantees and hope they will be able to use this information.
What these maps show is that in Chicago, not all communities of color are poor. Not all white communities are affluent. But what this map shows us is the confluence of Need and Race and we see that in our city deepest need and race align. So the question is, where do we go from here? What is the Field Foundation’s role?
Data Source: Majority race or ethnic group by census block group Based on 2015 U.S. Census file Latino by Race B03002 American Community Survey 5 year estimates. Majority group determined by which racial or ethnic group made up 50% or more of the total population of a given block group. If no group was more than 50% that block group was assigned a “No Majority” classification.
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl
Maps created by: Michael Stiehl