1. Integumentary System

2. Functions of Integumentary System
4 Main Functions
Contains skin, hair, and nails
1. Protection
Keeps water in
Keeps foreign particles out
2. Nerve endings sense environment
3. Regulate body temperature
4. Rids of waste chemicals

3. Layers of Skin Epidermis Dermis Outermost layer Most cells are dead
Thicker layer
Below Epidermis

4. Hair Follicle
Hair
Nail Root
Nail
Tiny sac where hair grows
Protects from UV light
Helps regulate body temperature
Base of nail where growth occurs
Protects tips of fingers and toes

5. Skin Injuries Skin is often damaged Can repair itself
Damage to skin’s DNA can cause skin cancer

6. Muscular System

7. Types of Muscle Smooth Muscle Cardiac Muscle Skeletal Muscle
Involuntary
Found in digestive system
Found in heart
Voluntary or involuntary
Attached to bones
Used for movement

8. Movement Tendons Flexor Extensor Tough connective tissue
Connects skeletal muscle to bones
Muscle that bends part of your body
Straightens part of your body

10. Muscle Injury Strain Tendonitis Anabolic Steroids
Muscle or tendon is overstretched
Swollen tendons
Can happen in people who exercise too much
Increases muscle strength
Causes long-term health problems

11. Skeletal System

12. Skeletal System
Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Marrow
Made from bones, cartilage, and connective tissue
No visible open spaces
Many open spaces
Soft tissue found inside bones

13. Cartilage
4 Main functions of Skeletal System
Flexible tissue
Support
Most replaced by bone as organism grows
1. Protection
2. Storage
3. Movement
4. Blood Cell Formation

14. Blood cell Formation Protection Storage Movement
Ribs protect heart and lungs
Skull protects brain
Vertebrate protects spinal cord
Bones store minerals for nerves and
muscles
Long bones store fat to use for energy
Allows you to sit, stand and walk
Marrow in bones makes blood cells

16. Joints Joint Ligament 3 Types of Joints
Place where two or more bones meet
Holds together bones and joints
1. Gliding Joint
2. Ball-and-Socket Joint
3. Hinge Joint

18. Bone Injuries Fracture Break Crack in the bone
Bone is detached at some place

19. Bone Diseases Arthritis Osteoporosis Causes joints to swell or stiffen
Causes bones to lose density