1. 15 September 2014
Homework from Friday on your desk: Questions 1-7 that went with the reading on the Lenape tribe.
Do now: Write a min of 4 lines. Which element of Lenape culture did you find to be most interesting and why?
Today, I will be able to effectively discuss all of the Native American cultural zones, as well as the local Lenape tribe.
Homework: Read the article on the Lenape natives and answer the questions.

2. Culture What defines a group’s way of life. Social Organization:
Customs and Traditions:
Religion:.
Language:
Arts and Literature:
Forms of government:
Economic systems:

3. Arctic These people were heavily influenced by their environment.
Eskimo-Aleut language family
Population small and scattered
Inuitsnomadic hunters
Aleuts settled, small fishing villages
Homes made of sod/timber, in the extreme north Ice.
Seal and otter skins were well insolated and waterproof.

5. Subarctic
Swampy, piney forests colder region inland Alaska and Canada.
Western: Athabaskan speakers
Eastern: Algonquian speakers
Used toboggans, snowshoes, and lightweight canoes for travel.
Sparsely populated
Small family groups hunted caribou lived in easy to move tents. Also lived in underground dugouts.
Europeans interaction: economic/cultural shift from subsistence living to profit living

6. Algonquian vs. Iroquois
Northeast cultural area
Iroquoian speakers lived along inland rivers and lakes. Enjoyed politically stable villages and were more populated than the Algonquian. Iroquois were more warlike than the Algonquian.
Algonquian lived in small farming and fishing villages along the ocean.
Both were eventually forced to pick sides regarding a conflict between the British and French.

7. Southeast Entrenched agrarian culture.
Organized social structure around hamlets (small ceremonial and market villages)
Contained the 5 “civilized” tribes.
Eventually forced to relocate throughout the 1830s, regardless of how well they assimilated to American culture.

8. The Plains Several languages were spoken in this region.
Settled hunters and gatherers (that’s a lot of ‘ers’!!!!).
After European contact and the introduction of horses this group becomes more nomadic.
Traded goods with Europeans and Americans, rapid loss of culture.

9. Southwest
Population varied from sedentary farmers to nomadic forgers/raiders.
Sedentary populations made sturdy pueblos
Nomadic tribes made hogans

10. The Great Basin
Shoshonean and Uto-Aztecan dialects were spoken in this region.
Mobile society, struggled obtaining permanent sustenance.
Mobile homes
Leadership/social groups were very informal and fluid.

11. California Heavily populated (hey just like today!)
>200 dialects spoken in this region.
Linguistic landscape incredibly complex, more so than even Europe.
Not much farming, small family-based bands of hunter-gatherers “tribelets”
Generally peaceful

12. Northwest Coast
Mild climate and abundance of natural resources made survival easier compared to mostly all other regions.
Built permanent villages.
Rigid social structure
Potlatch: elaborate gift-giving ceremony designed to demonstrate one’s wealth.

13. The Plateau
Mostly lived in small, peaceful villages along streams and riverbanks.
2 major dialects spoken in the region.
Lewis and Clark will pass through this region on their way to the Pacific Ocean; after that time sustained contact with Americans took place.

14. Lenape Tribe Northeast tribe Creation story (religion)
Oral history as presented by “Tantaque”
2 main linguistic dialects
Access to large supplies of clean drinking water, able to hunt for protein and gather for supplementary nourishment.
Social organization: Large villages , extended families; 3 clans Wolf, Turtle, and Turkey

15. Lenape Tribe cont Matrilineal Strong sense of community
Land was commonly shared
Choosing a sachem (chief)
“War Leader?”
Social roles were carefully divided (men’s work, women’s work)
Benefitted from the environment.