1. Static and Dynamic Magnetism
Electricity
Static and Dynamic
Magnetism

2. Electricity
Electricity refers to all phenomena caused by electric charges (positive and negative)

3. When is it positive? When is it negative?
A negatively charged body has more electrons than protons
A Positively charged body less electrons than protons + - - + - + + - - +

4. Electric Charges
Elementary electric charge is the charge of an electron or protons (1,602 x C)
C refers to Coulomb

5. The Basics: Forces of attraction and repulsion
Like electric charges repulse each other
Opposite electric charges attract each other
The force that pushes charges together or apart is called the electric force
The “Law of conservation of charges” states that no charge is created or destroyed only transferred

6. How do we give charge?
How a material reacts when given a charge will determine in which category they will be placed
Conductors
Insulators
Semi-conductors

7. Link to the periodic Table
Which elements do you believe would be considered conductors?
Which elements do you believe would be considered insulators?
Which elements do you believe would be considered semi-conductors?

8. Conductors Substances that allow the free flow of electrons
Usually metals (from the periodic table) because they are willing to give up their valence electrons
Can also be an electrolytic solution
electrolyte is any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive

9. What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that as become electrically charged by losing or gaining one or more electrons

10. Periodic Table and ions

11. Insulator
Substance that inhibits (prevents) the free flow of electrons, because they want to hold on to their valence electrons.
Once charged, the charges will stay in a specific location
Often non-metals as well as wood, plastic, glass, ceramics, rubber, silk and air

12. Semi-conductors
Substance in which the conductivity depends on the conditions
Metalloids and carbon are examples of semi-conductors

13. Electrical fields
The electric field is the region in which the electric force of an object can act. - +

14. + -

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16. Static Electricity All phenomena related to electric charges at rest
Over time an electrically charged body can loose its charge gradually
In other cases, an object can recover its neutral state quickly through an electrostatic discharge.

17. Shuffle Shuffle Shuffle
Hey Look!!!
A new carpet
Shuffle
Shuffle
Shuffle

19. OOPS!!
Lump of Coal

20. Charging an object
By friction - - - + + +

21. Charging an object By friction Start with two neutral objects
When rubbing the two objects together, electrons from one object will be ripped off by the atoms of the second object
End two objects with opposite charge

22. Tendency to have
a negative charge
a positive charge
Plastic
Gold
Nickel, Copper
Sulfur
Wood, amber, resin
Coton
Paper
Silk
Lead
Wool
Glass

23. Charging an object + + + + Conduction
One charged object touches a neutral object
The Charged object shares its charge with the neutral object
We are left with two objects of the same charge + + + +

24. Charging an object WEEEE!!! + + + + + - + - + - + - Induction
One neutral, one charged
Without touching the objects together, the charges in the neutral object will separate
One charged, one partially charged
WEEEE!!! + + + + + - + - + - + -