1. Photosynthesis Light + 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Sunlight + Carbon + Water = Glucose Oxygen
dioxide

2. Photosynthesis Photo = Light Synthesis = to make or build
Photosynthesis reactions are broken down into 2 main sections
Light Reactions
Photolysis
Calvin Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Dark Reactions

4. Chloroplast
Link

5. Converting Light Energy To Chemical Energy
Chapter 6
Converting Light Energy To Chemical Energy
The pigments are grouped in clusters of a few hundred molecules in the thylakoid membrane.
Each cluster and the proteins that the pigment molecules are embedded in are referred to collectively as a photosystem.
By absorbing light, pigment molecules in photosystem I and photosystem II acquire some of the energy carried by the light.

6. Photolysis The splitting of water into 2H+ and O-
The 2H+ is then absorbed by NADP+
Nicotinamide Dinucleotide Phosphate
The NADP acts as a carrier for the 2 Hydrogens (2H+)

7. Light Reactions Steps # 1-6
Light Strikes the Chlorophyll molecule
The electrons inside the Chlorophyll absorbs the suns energy
The electrons leave the Chlorophyll and are passed along a series of other reactions called the Electrons Transport Chain (ETC)
The chlorophyll also absorbs the lost e- from splitting the water molecule from photolysis

8. Light Reactions
During the Electron Transport Chain the electrons gain more energy
The energy is stored as ATP
6. The ATP is then sent to the Calvin Cycle

10. Light Reactions

11. Calvin Cycle

12. The Calvin Cycle
CO2 from the environment is bonded to a 5 carbon molecule
This forms a 6 carbon molecule
This is called carbon fixation
The carbon from the CO2 is fixed (attached) into a usable form

13. Calvin Cycle
Water is added to a 6 carbon molecule which splits into 2 equal pieces
Some of the 3 carbon molecules are combined to form sugars using:
Hydrogens from the NADPH
from photolysis
Energy from ATP

14. Calvin Cycle Continued
The other 3 carbon molecules may form a 5 carbon molecule to be reused in the cycle again
The energy used to bond the 3 carbon molecules together comes from ATP

15. Calvin Cycle

16. Electron transport chain

17. Dark Reactions (Chemosynthesis)
Chemo = Chemicals
Autotrophic organisms that create energy from organic molecules
This requires no Oxygen
Produces methane gas
Involves most bacteria

18. Assignment
Text 118 & 124