1. Fall Semester Exam Review
Answer Key

2. Unit 1: Science Safety
What is a used to measure a liquid in milliliters? Graduated Cylinder
What is used to measure a solid in grams? Triple Beam Balance
Following the observation of an unknown liquid what should you clean the lab table with? Wipe the lab bench with disinfectant What should you clean your hands with? Soap and water
What is the best way to ensure the reliability of a science experiments results?Repeat the investigations many times

3. Unit 2: Flow of Energy
How is energy transformed during photosynthesis? energy from the sun is transformed into chemical energy
What plant structure/body takes in sunlight during the process of photosynthesis? Chlorophyll
Biomass is stored solar energy.
Energy from the sun is stored in plants through what process? photosynthesis
Ms. London composts her left over food scraps. Once the food scraps decompose, she puts the nutrient rich humus on her garden. What is this type of composting known as? recycling

4. Unit 3: Force and Motion
Diagram (draw a picture) the lack of turgor pressure in a plant.
Picture of wilted flower
2. Diagram what a corn plants root system would look like on Earth compared to a corn plants root system on the International Space Station. 
Space = roots grow in all directions
Earth = roots grow down

5. Unit 3: Force and Motion 3. What is the formula for work? W = Fd
4. Unit for work? Joule(J) = 1Nm
5. Unit for force? Newton (N)
6. Unit for distance? meter(m)
7.It takes 3N of force to move a box 7m. How much work is being done? W = 21Joules
8.How much work is being done in each situation? 1. 28J 2. 28J  

6. Unit 4:
What can cause the biggest change in the amount of groundwater available for people to use in their homes? Lack of rain
List 3 pieces of equipment that can be used to analyze the effects of human activities on a watershed.
Water testing kit
b. Hand lens
c. Notebook

7. Unit 4: 3. Define weathering: breaking down of rock
4. Define erosion: Carrying away of rock pieces
5. Define deposition: the laying down of the rock pieces( where they settle)
6. An investigation was done to determine the effects of weathering on different kinds of rocks. The results of this investigation would be the most useful to for whom? A sculptor deciding which type of rock to use to make a statue for the outdoors.

8. Unit 4: 7.List 3 ways that a volcano affects the local ecosystem.
Lava can run down and kill all the trees
b. Dust can be thrown into the air blocking the sunlight for plants
c. Lava can run into the ocean killing coral reef animals
8.A volcano adds a large amount of lava to an environment. What forces does this addition balance? Weathering

9. Unit 5:
What is the effect of microgravity on an astronaut’s bone health? Bone deteoration 
Why? The amount of physical stress on the bones decreases
2. List 3 accommodations that the astronaut suit provides for.
insulation
air pressure
waste management
3. List 3 ways that the atmosphere makes the existence of life on earth possible.
Shields Earth from small collisions 
Offers protection from radiation
Allows for gas exchange between plants and animals

10. Unit 5 4. Define inhabitable: life can exist
5. List the 3 requirements needed in order for life to exist. 
water 
oxygen
proximity to the sun 
6. What is the Goldilock’s zone? The “just right” distance from the sun. (not too hot, not too cold)

11. Unit 6:
What is the MOST serious threat to biodiversity? Loss of the natural habitat 
Define physical(structural) adaptation: adaptations that are part of the organism’s appearance
List 3 examples of physical (structural) adaptation and Explain how that adaptation helps an organism survive.
Two layers of fur 
Sharp beak
Flat feet

12. Unit 6:
4. Define behavioral adaptation: adaptations that deal with how an organism behaves/responds to survive  
5. List 3 examples of behavioral adaptation and Explain how that adaptation helps an organism survive.
Migrating- moving to another location 
Hibernating- sleeping
Nocturnal- active at night

13. Unit 6
6. What is an adaptation that would help an organism survive in the cold?
Thick fur
2 layers of fur: inner layer insulate and outer protects from wind and moisture 
7. What is an adaptation that would help an organism survive in a grassland ecosystem?
The ability of plants to regrow after prairie fires 
8. What is a limitation to the capture-recapture method when trying to find the population of a species? Animal in the wild move long distances and may not be recaptured in the same area.