1. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

2. Quick Intro (much more tomorrow)
Israel was established 1948 after WWII
Split up the land called Palestine
Arabs lived in Palestine (Muslims)
Different claims to the land – longstanding
Jerusalem is the holy city for Muslims, Christians, and Jews
1967 – Six Day War – Israel takes over much more Palestinian territory
Conflict has lasted the entire second half of 20th century & into the 21st century: one of the greatest unresolved conflicts of our time.

3. Key Vocab
Zionism - Jewish nationalist movement that has had as its goal the creation and support of a Jewish national state in Palestine, the ancient homeland of the Jews

5. Video
As you watch….jot down notes on why there is conflict

6. Why does the US support Israel
As you watch this video clip, answer the following:
1: Why did the US originally begin its support of Israel
2: What are TWO reasons why the US still supports Israel today?

7. Middle East Map
Use your textbooks and/or phones to label the countries & religious affiliation

8. Label Israel Gaza West Bank Golan Heights Jordan Egypt Med. Sea
Jerusalem

9. Intro to Conflict: Food & Culture
Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown
Season 2 Episode 1: Jerusalem
As you watch, answer the video questions

10. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Origins

11. Zionism Began in the late 1800s
Definition: desire to create a homeland for the Jewish people in what used to be the Kingdom of Israel
Increased immigration of European Jews to area
Area was controlled by the Ottoman Empire and inhabited by Palestinians

12. Balfour Doctrine Written in 1917
Before Britain got control of Palestine
Official British statement to Zionist leaders saying:
Britain supported a state for the Jews as long as it did not harm the “civil and religious rights of the non-Jewish citizens of Palestine”
Led to an increase in tensions between Palestinians and Jews

13. Claims to the land Palestinian claim:
They are indigenous to the land & majority of the pop (66%)
British promise (fight against Ottomans…get independence)
Jewish claim:
Birthplace of the Jewish people & after being expelled from the land, always wished to return
Been trying for centuries to return
British promise (Balfour Declaration)
Holocaust
No solution reached…until WWII ends & Britain needs to decide what to do with the land

14. Post-WWII (1947)
UN voted to divide Palestine into two states – UN Resolution 181
Jerusalem was to be an international city owned by neither side
Palestinians (66% of the population) received 45% of the land
Jews (34% of the population) received 55% of the land
Mostly supported by Jews
Not supported by Arabs
Led to a 1 year civil war

16. Detailed Outline: DBQ
Once all documents are done you will (alone or with a partner) OUTLINE the answers to the essay questions
Outline must include:
2-3 causes of conflict (make sure you explain why it’s a cause, do not just list it—must demonstrate you understand deeper meaning)
2 impacts the conflict has had on Israelis
2 impacts the conflict has had on Palestinians

17. Outline Format A: Causes of the conflict:
1. Explain one cause of the conflict……(cite doc #)
2. Explain 2nd cause of the conflict …… (cite doc #)
3. 3rd cause
B: Impact of the conflict on the ISRAELIS
Explain one impact on the Israelis (can be positive or negative)…..(cite doc #)
Explain 2nd impact on the Israelis (can be positive or negative)…..(cite doc #)
C: Impact of the conflict on the PALESTINIANS
Explain one impact on the Palestinians (can be positive or negative)…..(cite doc #)
Explain 2nd impact on the Palestinians can be positive or negative)…..(cite doc #)

18. Arab-Israeli War 1948 May 14/15 – state of Israel announced
May 14/15 – Neighboring Arab countries attacked

19. Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
Founded in 1964: Palestinian organization dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state
Charter of PLO stated:
Palestinians had a right to self-determination and were willing to fight to regain their homeland
Jews of Palestinian origin could continue to live within the liberated country of Palestine
Palestine would be secular (non-religious) and democratic
Used guerrilla warfare against Israeli’s
1972 Olympic Massacre
Yasser Arafat was leader of PLO until his death in 2004.

20. War of 1967 – Six-Day War
Israel took control of Sinai Peninsula (Egypt), Gaza Strip West Bank, Golan Heights (Syria)
Size of Israel tripled
Israel kept control of Gaza Strip (from Egypt) and the West Bank (from Jordan) until 1993
Arab governments in Middle East gave three NOs to Israel
No peace
No recognition that the state of Israel exists
No negotiation with Israel
Also demanded a state for the Palestinian people

21. 1973: Yom Kippur War
Syria and Egypt launched surprise attacks on Israel
Yom Kippur is a high holy day
Gained land initially, then Israel fought back and regained it
America aided Israel
Led OPEC to cut oil supplies to Israel and countries that supported it (USA, Japan, Canada, United Kingdom, & Netherlands)

22. 1979: Camp David Accords Peace treaty signed between Israel & Egypt.
Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist - first Arab country to do so
Israel returned Sinai Peninsula to Egypt

23. Sadat (president of Egypt) Executed in 1981

24. In 1987, the PLO, under the leadership of Yasir Arafat, launched the Intifada (uprising)

25. Intifada (Uprising) Widespread campaign of civil disobedience
Use of boycotts & demonstrations
Attacked Israeli soldiers, and rock throwing by unarmed teenagers
Will last until the 1990s with little progress

26. 1993: The Oslo Accords
Portions of the West Bank & Gaza were to be governed by a Palestinian authority led by Yasir Arafat
Attempts at peace today have been hindered by terrorist attacks

27. Terrorist Groups (According to US)
Hamas & Hezbollah: Groups whose goal is the destruction of Israel and the creation of an Islamic Palestinian state
methods include assassination, raids, bombing, and suicide bombing. 

28. Political Cartoon Analysis
Working with your partner, you are to analyze the political cartoons on the Arab-Israeli Conflict and answer the following Reflection Questions:
What is the common theme or position on the Arab-Israeli Conflict of the ten political cartoons?
Explain the meaning and how it relates to conflict in the Middle East (answer for 3)
What symbols do you see? What do they mean? (answer for 3)