1. Medieval Architecture
Gothic

2. Romanesque
Style of Early Middle Ages (started between 6th and 10th C.)
Cross shaped footprint
Rounded Arches (Barrel vault)
Thick wall and massive pillars
Small windows
Dark
Fortress like

4. Gothic Europe 12-14th centuries – profound change in society
Focus shifted from pilgrimage churches and monasteries (in the countryside) to rapidly expanding cities with enormous cathedrals

5. Gothic Began in France – 12th Century Mystical / Unearthly experience
Cross shaped footprint
Pointed Arches (ribbed vault)
Flying Buttresses
Stain Glass Windows
Lavish Sculptures (inside & out)
Spires

6. Ideal Gothic Cathedral

7. Slide concept by William V
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Gothic Rib Vaults

8. Gothic Rib Vaults
Channels the weight of vaults more directly downward – require less buttressing
Less buttressing (exterior structure that opposes the lateral pressure of an arch or vault) means more space for larger windows
Pointed arches lead the eye upward making the vaults appear taller than they are

10. To counteract the thrust and stabilize the wall, the exterior walls are thickened at this point with a structural element called a buttress. Beneath the aisle roofs is a quadrant arch (like a “flying” buttress but hidden from view) that abuts the clerestory wall to counteract the outward thrust from the high vaults.

11. Arcade: A series of Arches supported by piers or columns
Clerestory: an outside wall of a room or building that rises above an adjoining roof and contains windows
Gallery: Covered corridor in an upper story overlooking the nave. A traverse gallery crosses both sides of the church and a tribune gallery is the elevated part of a gallery which contains seats.

12. Gothic nave elevations
Clerestory
Triforium
Gallery
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Arcade
Laon 80 ft.
Paris 107 ft.
Chartres 118 ft.
Amiens 144 ft.
Gothic nave elevations

13. Ambulatory and radiating chapels Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Ambulatory and radiating chapels
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Saint Denis, France

14. In Practice – Notre Dame

15. Floor Plan – Notre Dame 1145-1220

16. St. Etienne, Bourges. Begun mid 1190s

19. Stained Glass/Sculpture
Limited understanding of church ritual/scripture
What the average person learned came from statues, paintings, and stained glass windows that adorned churches

24. Process Costly and labor intensive
Exact composition was first made on wooden panel
Glass blowers provided flat sheets of glass
Glass workers cut windowpanes to the required size
Glass workers would produce a wider range of colors by fusing two layers of glass together
Painters added details
Joined the glass to strips of lead
Iron bands were used to strengthen the window

25. Construction of a cathedral showed a communities wealth and faith
They took generations to build
Money was raised from wealthy townspeople
All classes contributed to its construction

26. What you need to remember:
Began in France – 12th Century
Mystical / Unearthly experience
Pointed Arches
Flying Buttresses
Stain Glass Windows
Lavish Sculptures (inside & out)
Showed community wealth and faith
Three points that support this.