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Kafli 1 Rekstrarstjórnun

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Presentation on theme: "Kafli 1 Rekstrarstjórnun"— Presentation transcript:

1 Kafli 1 Rekstrarstjórnun
Skilgreiningar, rekstrarstjórnunar (Operations Management) Framleiðsla vs þjónusta Nokkur mikilvæg hugtök Yfirlit yfir viðfangsefnið og bókina Sagan 2

2 Rekstur Umbreyting: Inntak, aðföng: Fjármagn, mannafli, hráefni
Úttak: Afurðir, þ.e. vörur og þjónusta Umbreytingin fer fram í ýmsum kerfum Rekstrarstjórnun (Operations Management) er stjórnun þessara kerfa Við byggjum rekstrarstjórnun á aðferðafræði kerfishugsunar

3 Framleiðsla vs þjónusta
Afurðir framleiðslu eru vörur Vörur eru áþreifanlegar Vörur er hægt að geyma á lager Skörun mikil, oftast einhver þjónusta með vörum 8

4 Umbreytingar, dæmi Framleiðsla (physical) Flutningar (locational)
Verslun (exchange) Vöruhús (storage) Heilsugæsla (physiological) Fjarskipti (informational) 7

5 Skilgreining á Rekstrarstjórnun
Rekstrarstjórnun fjallar um hönnun, rekstur (áætlanagerð, eftirlit) og umbætur á þeim kerfum sem fyrirtæki og stofnanir byggja á til að framleiða afurðir sínar. 4

6 Nokkur mikilvæg hugtök
Nýtni, e. Efficiency, “Gera hlutina rétt” Framleiðni, e. Productivity = Úttak/Inntaki Skilvirkni, e. Effectiveness, “Gera réttu hlutina” Virði, e. Value = Gæði/Verði Virðisaukning, e. Value Adding = Það verð sem markaður vill borga – Framleiðslukostnaður Framlegð, e. Contribution = Tekjur – Brl. Kostn. Vörukeðja, e. Supply Chain: Heildarferli umbreytinga og flutninga frá birgjum til markaða

7 Kerfi, ferlar, “layout” Föst staðsetning - Verkefni
Ferlafyrirkomulag Verkstæði - Lotuframleiðsla Afurðafyrirkomulag: - Samsetningarlínur - Samfellt flæði Sellufyrirkomulag Marel hf

8 IV. Continuous Flow III. Assembly Line II. Batch I. Job Shop Low
Volume, One of a Kind Multiple Products, Volume Few Major Higher High Standard- ization Commercial Printer French Restaurant Heavy Equipment Coffee Shop Automobile Burger King Sugar Refinery Flexibility (High) Unit Cost (High) Flexibility (Low) Unit Cost (Low) 13

9 Samkeppnisstaða Samkeppnisstaða Í rekstri Sveigjanleiki,
hæfni til breytinga Gæði, áreiðanleiki Hraði, afhendingar Verð, sparnaður

10 Stjórnun (Markaðsmál) Rekstur (Fjármál)
Spár (13) Framl.kerfi(6,6Tn) Afk.geta(11) Hönnun: Flutningar, staðarval (10Tn) Áætlanagerð (14) Verkefnastjórn(3) Áætlanir: Bestun, afurðaval, blöndun (Suppl.A) Aðfangastýring (12,16, 18) Birgðastýring(15) Verkröðun (17) Eftirlit, umbætur: SPC (8Tn) Gæðastjórnun(8)

11 Dæmi um efni sem ekki fjallað um:
Stefnumótun Starfsmannastjórn Vöruþróun Vörudreifing Viðhald

12 Söguleg þróun rekstrarfræði
Scientific Management Moving Assembly Line Hawthorne Studies Operations Research Historical Underpinnings Computers (MRP) JIT/TQC & Automation Manufacturing Strategy Service Quality and Productivity TQM & Quality Certification Business Process Reengineering Electronic Enterprise Global Supply Chain Mgmt. OM's Emergence as a Field 14

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