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AP Biology Nervous Systems Part 4.

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1 AP Biology Nervous Systems Part 4

2 Stronger depolarizing stimulus
LE 48-12 Stimuli Stimuli Stronger depolarizing stimulus +50 +50 +50 Action potential Membrane potential (mV) Membrane potential (mV) Membrane potential (mV) –50 Threshold –50 Threshold –50 Threshold Resting potential Resting potential Resting potential Hyperpolarizations Depolarizations –100 –100 –100 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time (msec) Time (msec) Time (msec) Graded potential hyperpolarizations Graded potential depolarizations Action potential

3 Action potential moving toward the CNS
Schwann cell Depolarized region (node of Ranvier) Cell body Myelin sheath Axon

4 Dendrites of the neurons

5 Summation and the Threshold potential
Stimuli Stimuli Stronger depolarizing stimulus +50 +50 +50 Action potential Membrane potential (mV) Membrane potential (mV) Membrane potential (mV) –50 Threshold –50 Threshold –50 Threshold Resting potential Resting potential Resting potential Hyperpolarizations Depolarizations –100 –100 –100 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time (msec) Time (msec) Time (msec) Graded potential hyperpolarizations Graded potential depolarizations Action potential

6 Heat Light touch Pain Cold Hair Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Nerve
Stimulus receptors Heat Light touch Pain Cold Hair Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Nerve Connective tissue Hair movement Strong pressure

7 Middle and Inner Ear

8 Inside the Cochlea

9 Cochlear Duct

10 Balance and the Inner ear

11 Taste

12 Smell

13 . Lateral line Lateral line canal Scale Opening of lateral line canal
Epidermis Neuromast Segmental muscles of body wall Lateral nerve Cupula Sensory hairs Supporting cell Hair cell Nerve fiber

14 Statosyst Ciliated receptor cells Cilia Statolith Sensory nerve fibers

15 Tympanum for hearing

16 . Tympanic membrane 1 mm

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