1. AP US History
Exam Review

2. Period 2:

3. European Settlement

4. Key Concept #1: Differences in imperial goals, cultures, and the North American environments that different empires confronted led Europeans to develop diverse patterns of colonization
Key Concept #2: European colonization efforts in North America stimulated intercultural contact and intensified conflict between the various groups of colonizers and native peoples
Key Concept #3: The increasing political, economic, and cultural exchanges within the "Atlantic World" had a profound impact on the development of colonial societies in North America

5. Spain
Initially looking for precious metals (goals)
Only when other European countries colonized did Spain set-up permanent colonies in North America
Catholic missionaries (goals)
Used a mixture of intermarriage and subjugation to dominate the natives
Empire stretched from St. Augustine, FL to South America and west to California (warmer climates)
Decline came by way of pressures from other European empires, and native revolts (military strain
Forced to accommodate natives and intermarry

6. Spanish Empire in the Americas

7. Dutch Sought to take advantage of the lucrative fur trade
Did not receive government support
Few Dutch emigrated
Suffered attacks by the Natives

8. French Settled in the Quebec Canada (cold climate) Sparsely settled
Formed alliances with Natives
Laid claim to the Mississippi Valley (Louisiana). New Orleans was an important military and economic post
By the 1720's French settled as far west as New Mexico and South Dakota
Forced English settles to stay along the East Coast

9. France in America

10. France's Downfall
France lost the War of Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War).
Had to give up Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Nova Scotia to Britain
British outnumbered French settlers 3:1
France lost French and Indian War. Britain controlled most of the land east of the Mississippi River and Canada

11. British Roanoke Island doomed in 1585
Many emigrated for religious reasons and economic gain
Other goals:
Northwest Passage to Asia
Raw Materials
Benefits of investors who bought into joint-stock companies
Mercantilism
Favorable balance of trade between colonies and Motherland

12. Jamestown

13. Plymouth

14. MA Bay Company

15. Other New England Colonies
CT, RI, NH, and ME
Other New England Colonies

16. NY, PA, NJ, DE
Middle Colonies

17. Southern and Chesapeake Bay Colonies

18. British-Colonial Relationship
From 1650 to the end of the French-Indian war in 1763, the Americas were largely left alone
British mercantilism not challenged by the colonists
Competition from the Americas was insignificant and there were very few crisis in Great Britain

19. Pre-1760 policies
The Navigation Laws (1651, 1660, 1663, 1670, and 1673)
The Wool (1699), Hat (1732), and the Iron (1750) Acts
Molasses Act (1733)

20. Themes

21. Identity: Explain how conceptions of group identity and autonomy emerged out of cultural interactions between colonizing groups, Africans, and the American Indians in the colonial era
Understand how gender, ethnic, religious, regional, and other group identities changed

22. Peopling: Explain how and why people moved to and within the Americas

23. Politics and Power: Analyze the factors behind competition, cooperation, and conflict among different societies and social groups in North America during the colonial period

24. Environment: Explain how the natural environment contributed to the development of distinct regional group identities, institutions, and conflicts in the pre-contact period through the independence period

25. Weather Theory
Theory states that living in a colder, harsher climate requires one to be more technologically inventive to survive, whereas living in a tropical region requires less thinking. The theory states that the cold European weather made the Europeans smarter because they had to create ways to cur ice the weather

26. Moral, philosophical, and cultural values
Ideas, Beliefs, and Culture: Compare the cultural values and attitudes of different European, African American, and Native American peoples in the colonial period and explain how contact affected inter group relationships and conflicts
Moral, philosophical, and cultural values

27. Any Questions?