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Political Parties and Interest Groups

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Presentation on theme: "Political Parties and Interest Groups"— Presentation transcript:

1 Political Parties and Interest Groups
AP U.S. Government and Politics Unit 3

2 The Institutions of Government
Policy-Making Institutions Congress President Courts Bureaucracy Linkage Institutions Parties Interest Groups Elections Media

3 Policy Makers Linkage Institutions People Congress President
Bureaucracy Courts Linkage Institutions Elections Parties Interest Groups Media People Voters Activists

4 Party Elements

5 Realigning Elections 1828 1860 Years President Senate House 1829-31
Dem Whig Others Rep 1860 Years President Senate House Rep Union (Johnson) Dem

6 Realigning Elections 1896 1932 Years President Senate House Years
Rep Dem 1932 Years President Senate House Dem Rep

7 Era of Divided Government
1968? Years President Senate House Nixon (Rep) Dem Nixon/Ford Carter (Dem) 1980? Years President Senate House Reagan (Rep) Rep Dem GHW Bush Clinton (Dem) GW Bush 50-50 Obama

8 National Conventions

9 The Convention “Bounce”
Election Candidate Bounce Winner Margin 2008 Obama +2 McCain +7 2004 W. Bush Kerry +3 2000 +8 Gore -0.5 1996 Dole +11 Clinton +5 +9 1992 +16 H.W. Bush +6 1988 Dukakis

10 2008 Conventions Roll-Call Vote
Republican National Convention Candidates Popular Votes (Primaries) Delegates Won Floor Vote (Convention) McCain 46.6% 56% 98.5% Romney 22.2% 6% 0.08% Huckabee 20.1% 8% Paul 5.6% <1% 0.63% Giuliani 2.9% 0% Others 2.6% 27% uncommitted 0.84% not voting

11 2008 Conventions Roll-Call Vote
Democratic National Convention Candidates Popular Votes (Primaries) Delegates Won Pledged Superdelegates Floor Vote (Convention) *2,117 to win Obama 48.1% 1,828 478 3,188 Clinton 48.0% 1,726 247 1,010 Others 3.9% 5 Uncommitted 99 Clinton moves to nominate Obama (5:00)

12 National Committee Chairs
Democrats (DNC) Debbie Wasserman Schultz Republicans (RNC) Reince Priebus

13 The Minor Parties

14 Minor Party “Success” Year Candidate Party Popular Votes
Electoral Votes 1832 William Wirt Anti-Masonic 8% 7 1848 Martin Van Buren Free Soil 10% 1856 Millard Fillmore American/Know-Nothing 22% 8 1860 John Bell Constitutional Union 13% 39 1892 James Weaver Populist 9% 22 1912 Theodore Roosevelt Progressive/Bull Moose 27% 88 Eugene V. Debs Socialist 6% 1924 Robert LaFollette Progressive 17% 13 1948 Strom Thurmond States’ Rights 2.4% 1968 George Wallace American Independent 14% 46 1980 John Anderson Independent 7% 1992 Ross Perot 19% 1996 Reform 2000 Ralph Nader Green 2.7%

15 Presidential Debates

16 Commission on Presidential Debates
Non-profit organization founded in 1987 to sponsor and organize the presidential and vice-presidential debates The League of Women Voters withdrew its sponsorship of the debates in 1988 after the Democratic and Republican campaigns secretly agreed to a "memorandum of understanding" that would decide: which candidates could participate in the debates which individuals would be panelists (and therefore ask questions) and even the height of the podiums The League rejected the demands and said they were withdrawing support for the debates because "the demands of the two campaign organizations would perpetrate a fraud on the American voter" Bob Barr criticizes the CoPD (3:40)

17 Election of 2000

18 Election of 2000 National Result Candidate PV EV Bush Gore Nader
47.9% 271 Gore 48.4% 266* Nader 2.7% Florida Result Candidate PV EV Bush (2,912,800) 48.85% 25 Gore (2,912,300) 48.84% Nader (97,500) 1.63% * 1 elector abstained

19 Election of 1844 New York Polk 237,600 Clay 232,500 Birney 15,800

20 What if Clay had won New York?
Candidate Actual Electoral College result Electoral College result if Clay had won New York James K. Polk (Democrat) 170  134 Henry Clay (Whig) 105 141  James G. Birney (Liberty)

21 Election of 1912

22 Election of 1912 Candidate Party EV PV If Reps stayed united? Wilson
Democrat 435 41.8% Taft Republican 8 23.2% 50.6% Roosevelt Bull Moose 88 27.4% Debs Socialist 6.0% Chafin Prohibition 1.4%

23 Minor Party Research Assignment
Types of parties: Ideological parties? What ideology? Single-issue parties? What issue? Other issues? Economic protest? When? What types of reform? Factional/splinter? From what party? Why? Impact on American politics: Did your party impact an election (fed, state, local)? Did your party have a non-electoral impact on politics? What type of impact could your party have? Other interesting information?

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