1. DECEMBER 7, 1988 SPITAK, ARMENIA EARTHQUAKE
WALTER HAYS
GLOBAL INSTITUTE FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
More Supercourse lectures on Earthquakes -

2. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE

3. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE SPITAK WAS IN THE “BULLS” EYE” M6.8
HOSPITALS AND SCHOOLS COLLAPSED
SEARCH AND RESCUE NEDED TO SAVE TRAPPED VICTIMS
M6.8
11:41 AM LOCAL TIME
“BLIND” THRUST FAULT

4. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE AT LEAST 25,000 KILLED
IF THE QUAKE HAD OCCURRED 5 MINUTES LATER, CHILDREN WOULD HAVE BEEN OUTSIDE THE COLLAPSED SCHOOLS
NEW CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS PERFORMED POORLY
SCHOOLS PERFORMED POORLY

5. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE HOSPITALS PERFORMED POORLY
MEDICAL SERVICES WERE UNAVAILABLE IN THE HOUR OF GREATEST NEED.

6. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE
PRESIDENT GORBACHAV WAS GUEST OF PRESIDENT REAGAN AND PRESIDENT-ELECT BUSH IN NEW YORK AT TIME OF QUAKE
SOME 70 COUNTRIES SENT PEOPLE AND SUPPLIES
UNESCO HELPED PLAN RECOVERY
RECONSTRUCTION COSTS OF ABOUT $16 BILLION

7. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: UN-ANCHORED FLOOR PLANKS

8. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: UN-REINFORCED MASONRY

9. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: UN-REINFORCED MASONRY

10. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS

11. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: NEW BUILDINGS PERFORMED POORLY

12. SOIL AMPLIFICATION EXACERBATED DAMAGE

13. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: CULTURAL HERITAGE

14. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: DEBRIS AND TRAFFIC HINDERED EM RESPONSE

15. SPITAK EARTHQUAKE: SEARCH AND RESCUE

16. WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THE SPITAK EARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING EMERGED AS A HIGH PRIORITY
THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF ARMENIA WAS ESTABLISNED TO BUILD TECHNICAL CAPACITY
“BLIND THRUST FAULTS” WERE AVOIDED
SEISMIC DESIGN PROVISIONS WERE UPGRADED
THE “NEW” SPITAK IS A 4-STORY CITY WITH MORE ATT-ENTION TO DETAIL