1. 4th and 5th Declension & Ablative Uses
Chapters 20 & 22

2. Ablative of Place From Which
Almost always involves a verb of motion from one place to another
Almost always uses ab, de, or ex
Ex: nauta ab Italiā ad Graeciam navigavit.

3. Ablative of Separation
No active movement of location
Implies that someone or something is separated from another
Sometimes there is no preposition, especially with verbs meaning “to lack,” “to free,” or “to deprive”
When there is a preposition, it is ab, ex, or de
Ex: vir pecuniā caret.

4. Ablative of Place Where
Usually in or sub with a noun in the ablative that describes where something or someone is, or where something is done
Ex: Vir in parvā casā legit.

5. Summary of Ablative Uses
with a preposition
accompaniment (w/ cum)
manner (w/ cum)
place where (in and sub)
place from which (ab, de, ex)
separation (ab, de, ex)
personal agent (ab)
cardinal numbers to indicate a group of which some part is specified (ex, de)
without a preposition
means/instrument
manner
time when
time within which
separation (esp w/ ideas of freeing, lacking, depriving)

6. Fourth Declension Has genitive in –ūs Most of the nouns are masculine
Some feminine (eg manus, domus)
Few neuters (nom. ending in -ū)
The characteristic ‘u’ appears in all endings except dat/abl pl

7. Fourth Declension M/F Sg Pl Nom -us -ūs Gen -uum Dat -uī -ibus Acc -um
Abl -ū N Sg Pl
Nom -ū
-ua
Gen
-ūs
-uum
Dat
-ibus
Acc
Abl

8. Fifth Declension Genitive in –ēī or –eī
(‘e’ long when preceeded by vowel
eg diēī, but reī)
All the nouns of this declension are feminine except diēs and merīdiēs, which are masc Sg Pl
Nom
-ēs
Gen
-ēī, -eī
-ērum
Dat
-ēbus
Acc
-em
Abl -ē