1. Human Factor (Ergonomic) Principles in transformational Nursing care
Positive patient outcome
Lanre Nehan-Babalola

2. Definitions Human Factors approach
underpins current patient safety and quality improvement
Encompasses all those factors that can influence people and their behaviour
Environmental
Organisational
Job demands
Individual Characteristics
Ergonomics
The scientific study of the interaction of people and their work environment
It applies anatomical, physiological and psychological knowledge (Human Factor) to work
increasing productivity, efficiency and effectiveness,
reducing factors that causes pain, discomfort and injuries

3. Human Factor approach to Patient safety
Safety culture
Reliability
Standard in training and education
Transformational Leadership
Communication
Culture
Teamwork
Clinical Work Environment
Patient

4. Professional Standard in Education and Training
Purpose
Protect, maintain and promote the health of your patients and public
Responsibilities
Setting standards, requirement and outcome
Quality assurance
Improve and promote standard
Principles
patient safety
Quality care
Professional Standard in Education and Training

5. Nigerian Nurses Anthem - Extracts
We are called to serve humanity
Endowed with the Act and SENSE of CARING
We are built on INTEGRITY and DISCIPLINE
That Transient through every generation
IMMACULATE and AMICABLE
We are the source of HOPE to ailing ones
And the FOUNDATION for building a Health world
Together we shall Stand

6. cost
More people die in a given year as a result of medical errors than motor vehicle accident (43,458), breast cancer (42,297), or AIDS (16,516) Total cost (lost of income, lost household production, disability and health care cost) preventable adverse event are between $17 billion and $29 billion, the health care cost represent over half. Missed nursing care, which is highly related to nurse staffing is associated with increased odds of patient dying in hospital following common surgical procedures – A cross-sectional study (nine countries)

7. Drug errors
Administration
Vincristine or vinblastine administrate intrathecally rather than intravenously
Paediatric patient who was recovering from a brain tumour surgery is given a 650mg dose of methtreaxate into the brain (20 times the correct dose).

8. reliability How to improve Reliability in Delivery of Health care:
The ability of a system to consistently perform its intended or required function or mission, on demand without degradation or failure – BusinessDictionary.com
How to improve Reliability in Delivery of Health care:
Identify evidence-based interventions that improves outcome
Measuring baseline performance
Selecting interventions with the most impact on outcomes and converting to behavior
Evaluate and monitor reliability measures
Identify and mitigate failure
Redesign

9. Cohesive Team
A group of people working together cohesively towards a common goal, creating a positive working atmosphere, and supporting each other to combine individual strengths to enhance team performance.

10. Transformational Leadership
The ability to:
Establish a clear goal
Sharing that vision with others to follow willingly
Providing the information, knowledge and method to realise the vision
Coordinating and balancing the conflicting interest of all members and stake holders

11. communication
A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behaviour the function of pheromones in insect communication
Types
Verbal – 45% ( 7% - words; 38% - tone )
Nonverbal – 55%
Written
Styles
Aggressive
Passive
Assertive
Dr Albert Mehrabian, author of silent messages: 7% of comm is words, 38% tone and vocal elements and 55% non verbal

12. Organisational Culture
It could be best described as “the way we do things around here”. It is the product of individual and group value, attitude, perception, competencies, and patterns of behaviour, that determines the commitment to and the style and proficiency of the organisation’s safety management.
Patient Safety Culture is a subtext of overall organisation’s culture.
Factors affecting Patient Safety Culture:
Management commitment and style
Employee involvement
Appropriate equipment
Training and competence
Communication

13. Clinical Work environment evidence Based practice
Management of Human failures
Humanising Work Design
Staffing
Fatigue and Shiftwork
Critical and Effective Communication
Policies/Procedures/Guidelines
Competence
Suitable, Appropriate and Accessible Equipment

14. Improving patient outcome
Enhancing clinical performance through an understanding the importance:
Patient at the centre
Good professional standards in education and training (CPD)
Transformational leadership
Cohesive teams
Safety organisational culture
Effective communication
Improving patient outcome

15. The present and future………. Taking the human out – Applied Ergonomics
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Patient
Helps by relieving medical personnel from routine tasks and making medical procedure safer and cheaper for patients.
7 Exciting facts
70% Drop in Hospital Acquired Infections due to Xenex Robot
Two Belgian Hospitals Hired Pepper Robots as Receptionists
By 2020, surgical robotics sales are expected to almost double to $6.4 billion – The da Vinci Surgical System helps surgeons to operate with enhanced vision, precision and control
750,000 Remote Clinical Encounters Through Intouch Health – African European TeleHealth Project (Alkints and Swiss TMC)
TUG Robot able to carry around more than 400 Kilogrames of Medication
Bear-Shaped Robots can lift Patients out of bed 40 times a day (Japan)
Microbots delivers drugs through bloodstream (Max Planck institute)

16. Bibliography
Healthcarequarterly.com: JA Cafazzo, O St-Cyr
Ergonomics and Human Factors; Recent Research: Editors: Mark, Leonard S, Warm, Joel S, Ronald L.
Safety Differently Human Factors: Fatbrain
Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics; Salvendy
Advances in Cognitive Ergonomics: Karwowski
International journal Nursing Studies: Post-operative mortality, missed care and nurse staffing in nine countries: Jane E. Ball et al

17. Thank you
ANY QUESTIONS