1. Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2nd Edition)
Chapter 1 - Introduction and How Cars Wor
Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2nd Edition)
Chapter 11
Fuel System
Chapter 11
© 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing

2. Chapter 1 - Introduction and How Cars Wor
Fuel for Thought
How are gasoline and diesel produced?
What is the purpose of the fuel system?
How are gasoline prices determined?
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Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter and activities, you will be able to:
Explain the purpose of the fuel system.
Describe the parts of the fuel system.
Remove and replace an air filter.
Remove and replace a fuel filter.
State gasoline and diesel properties.
Identify ways to improve fuel economy.
Explain how fuel is priced.
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Fuel System Purpose
Fuel is added to the tank.
Fuel is transported (pumped) to the engine.
The carburetor or injection system is used to mix the gas with the air.
Ideal mixture – 14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel.
Summed up – the purpose of the fuel system is to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.
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5. Fuel System Components
Fuel (gas) cap
Keeps the fuel from spilling
Keeps foreign objects from entering
Releases the vacuum as fuel is drawn into the engine
Prevents fuel spray when opening
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6. Fuel System Components
Fuel (gas) tank
Stores fuel (chemical energy)
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7. Fuel System Components
Fuel pump
Mechanical or electric
Supplies the engine with fuel
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8. Fuel System Components
Fuel lines
Steel or rubber
Carry the fuel
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9. Fuel System Components
Fuel filter
Cleans the fuel
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10. Fuel System Components
Fuel injectors
Throttle body or port
Carburetor
Used on older cars
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11. Fuel System Components
PCV
Positive Crankcase Ventilation
Reduces vehicle emissions
Increases fuel economy
Recirculates excess gas
Decreases oil contaminants
Reduces air pressure within the engine
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12. Fuel System Components
CCV filter
Crankcase ventilation
Cleans the air going into the engine’s crankcase
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13. Fuel System Components
Air filter
Cleans the air being drawn into the engine
A dirty air filter can “choke out” the engine
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14. Fuel System Components
Mass Airflow Sensor
Measures the volume (quantity) and mass (density) of the air entering the engine.
Powertrain Control Module
Processes information from sensors to control the amount of fuel being injected into the cylinders.
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15. Crude Oil Distillation
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Gasoline Properties
Octane
Resistance to detonation.
Common
87, 89, 93
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Gasoline Properties
Knocking
Additives
Oxygenates
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Diesel Properties
Cetane number
40 to 50 are common
Grades
No. 1 – cold weather/No. 2 warm weather
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel
Contains a maximum of 15 ppm of sulfur
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Refueling
Check your owner’s manual to make sure you put in the correct type and grade.
Most gasoline engines can run on 87 octane, however some require premium fuel.
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20. Improving Fuel Economy
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21. Improving Fuel Economy
Checking tire pressure
Tuning-up the engine
Checking the wheel alignment
Changing the oil when required
Limiting A/C use
Eliminating brake drag
Avoiding excessive idling
Combining trips
Moderating speed
Checking the cooling system
Removing excess weight and accessories
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22. Cylinder Deactivation
Engine control systems to shut off the air-fuel mixture to half of the cylinders.
Also known as displacement on demand, variable displacement, multiple displacement system, or active fuel management technology.
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Fuel Prices
Chapter 11
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24. © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
Summary
Put in the type of fuel that is recommended by the manufacturer.
The purpose of the fuel system is to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.
Gasoline engines are spark ignition.
Diesel engines are compression ignition.
Increase fuel economy can save you money.
Chapter 11
© 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing