1. Monitoring and Evaluation of Sustainable tourism
Presenter:
DR. RAY MUTINDA,
UNECA SRO-EA
…………………………………………………………………….
UNECA REGIONAL TOURISM MEETING FOR EASTERN AFRICA
1ST -3RD JUNE, 2016
Kigali, Rwanda

2. Introduction
Noting the significance of monitoring and evaluation as essential instruments for policy-making, planning and management processes at destinations, this STD Handbook stipulates measures and indicators to achieve this goal
Indicators however spread across individual sections of the handbook.
2.6.2 Monitoring and evaluation of sustainable tourism development
4.10 Monitoring and Evaluation of Tourism Performance
5.7 Sustainable tourism monitoring and evaluation kit (done)
6.6 Monitoring and evaluation of tourism performance (community and sustainability)

3. 2.6.2 Monitoring and evaluation of sustainable tourism development
Notes the efforts of WTO together with Rainforest Alliance and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to develop “The Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria, a set of 37 voluntary standards representing the minimum that any tourism business should aspire to reach in order to protect and sustain the world’s natural and cultural resources while ensuring tourism meets its potential as a tool for poverty alleviation.
Today, the GSTC are being used by businesses and organisations around the world to better understand the complexities of sustainable tourism and to make sustainability a hallmark methodology in the way we all travel, learn, and do business. The criteria are organized around four main themes:
 Effective sustainability planning;
Maximizing social and economic benefits for the local community;
Enhancing cultural heritage;
Reducing negative impacts to the environment.

4. Notes the launch of the Global Observatory on Sustainable Tourism (GOST) initiative by UNWTO in in response to the growing demand of tourism organizations and stakeholders for a more systematic application of monitoring, evaluating and information management techniques for application of UNWTO indicators of Sustainable Development for tourism destinations
These techniques are key tools for the formulation and implementation of sustainable tourism policies, strategies, plans and management processes.
Further provides classification of indicator types

5. 4.10 Monitoring and Evaluation of Tourism Performance
Notes the significance of accurate assessment of tourism’s contribution towards sustainable development
Identifies the fundamental issues that destination managers must address in monitoring sustainable tourism development within the destination
 Tourism classification and certification frameworks;
Frequency of use
Coverage of sustainable tourism issues
Measurability of impacts over time
Availability and variability of data
Coherence with policy framework

6. Further identifies Key Components of Monitoring Destination Performance
Audit of tourism supply
Volume and value of tourism data
Overall visitor satisfaction
Monitoring visitor satisfaction at a destination
Local resident satisfaction
Tourist Information Centre satisfaction
Local industry satisfaction
Evaluating the effect of marketing
Quality issues
Environmental considerations
Comparative Performance Indicators
Destination Benchmarking

7. Addresses sustainability indicators in tourism operations and provides a Model tree of sustainable tourism indicators that identifies the four broad indicators of sustainable tourism development and elements to monitor

8. 5.7 Sustainable tourism monitoring and evaluation kit
Provides key indicators for monitoring of sustainable tourism practices focusing on 3 areas
Tourism Infrastructure
Monitoring profitability
Conservation and community participation

9. 6.6 Monitoring and evaluation of tourism performance (community and sustainability)
Defines Monitoring as the process of taking regular measures of tourism using indicators so as to provide a better understanding of the current situation as well as predict future performance.
Notes that Sustainable tourism indicators differ from conventional indicators in the linkages they make between tourism and sustainability issues in the community. Some of the monitoring considerations include:
 • Examining the rationale for monitoring
• Deciding who should monitor
• Discussing what to measure
• Thinking about the type of indicators to be used
• Reviewing the human and financial resources available for monitoring
• Considering how to communicate monitoring results to stakeholders
Notes that Sustainability of tourism performance is examined in relation to a wide range of specific indicators

10. Issues and indicators for sustainable tourism

11. Further identifies some of the key issues for monitoring socio-culture sustainability in tourism
Notes the adaptive approach to monitoring and managing community-based tourism, with special emphasis on how to monitor the effectiveness of CBT projects in reducing poverty.

13. Provides the Eight steps for monitoring community based tourism projects as adapted from SNV and University of Hawaii. (2007)

14. Identifies elements that have been identified as good indicators for measure the performance of tourism sustainability as adapted from UNESCO (2002)
Also identifies some project outcomes that impact on socio-cultural sustainability that can be used in evaluation of socio-cultural performance of tourism.
Highlights the potential issues and indicators for monitoring in tourism management, as focusing on attractions, facilities and services, tourism development, landscape and role of stakeholder (as adapted from SNV (2007)

16. THE END Thanks

17. A note on CHAPTER SEVEN TECHNOLOGY IN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

18. Chapter first presents the general Applications of technology in tourism development
Technology in tourism supply chain
Technology in tourism demand
Technology and systems development
Social Media
Technology and transportation
Application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in Tourism development
Remote viewing technologies
And discuss the specific application of Information Communication Technology in sustainable tourism management in the areas of in
co-creation of experience,
Sustainability Performance System (SPS), and
e-tourism concept.