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JAPAN’S MEIJI RESTORATION

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Presentation on theme: "JAPAN’S MEIJI RESTORATION"— Presentation transcript:

1 JAPAN’S MEIJI RESTORATION

2 Internal Problems By early 19th century, Japanese society was in turmoil Declining agricultural productivity Periodic crop failures, famine, and starvation Harsh taxes on peasants Samurai and daimyo are in debt to merchants West arrives demanding trade with Japan

3 Instructional Objectives
We will be able to: Explain the causes of the Meiji Restoration Describe the changes that took place during the Meiji Period. Discuss how Japan would go on to become an imperial power.

4 The Meiji Restoration Japanese period beginning in 1853 when Japan went from a non-industrial feudal nation to a modern, industrial and imperial power.

5 Causes of Meiji Period Japanese saw what happened to their neighbor China. One Japanese visitor noted… “The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France”.

6 China’s “Unequal Treaties”
After the Opium War of , Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.

7 Challenge of the West Arrival of Matthew Perry (1853) Unequal Treaties
Similar to the treaties signed by the Qing dynasty Perry’s “Black Ships” steam into Tokyo Bay Force the Japanese to establish trade and diplomatic relations with the U.S. Japanese depiction of Admiral Matthew Perry

8 Japan Changes The Japanese overthrew the last Shogun and put their emperor in charge. Japan ended it’s policy of isolationism. Emperor Meiji’s government decided the only way to avoid China’s fate was to modernize through selective borrowing from the Western nations. New slogan: Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!

9 The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress
Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko ( )

10 Changing Women’s Fashions The First “Miss Japan” (1908)
1900 Styles

11 Meiji Reforms Land Redistribution
Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.) Abolition of the feudal system Modern Banking System Modernize the Army (Prussian) Meiji Reforms Written Constitution (Germans) Build a Modern Navy (British) Human Rights & Religious Freedom Emperor Worship Intensified

12 In order to Industrialize you must…
Imperialize Japan followed queue with other industrialized nations and went after an empire to get…

13 Modernization: Meiji Restoration
Abolish feudal order Administrative districts replace feudal domains Daimyo removed from power Samurai class is abolished Constitutional government Constitution of 1889 based on German model Establishes constitutional monarchy with legislature Emperor commanded armed forces, named prime minister, and appoint the cabinet

14 Modernization: Meiji Restoration
Constitutional government (con’d) Recognized individual rights Could limit rights in the interest of the state Suffrage limited Only 5% of population could vote in 1890 election Japanese industrialization Modernize transportation, communication, and education Sold government businesses to private investors

15 Modernization: Meiji Restoration
Japanese industrialization (con’d) Creation of zaibatsu Combination of state initiative and private investment Consolidates economic power into the hands of a few powerful families Many companies started by men of samurai origins

16

17 Soldiers on the Battlefield During the Sino-Japanese War
The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.

18 Japan Is a Player in China

19 Japan Annexes Korea

20 The Russo-Japanese War: 1904-1905
The Battle of Tsushima: The results startled the world!

21 But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .

22 Social Developments No reforms to ease burdens on rural population
Massive population growth Strained resources and kept labor costs low Role of women Maintain inferiority of women in the home High-school education for women (1899) Silk industry relied upon women working in factories

23 Japanese Imperialism Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War
Japan gains influence over Korea Russo-Japanese War Japan’s navy leads to victory over Russia Japan annexes Korea in 1910


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