1. Presentation on TARI Seminar Series
Preliminary findings of the Reintegration Needs Assessment
14 December 2005
Banda Aceh

2. Methodology: Research aims and questions
Socio-economic needs of returnees i.e. GAM and political prisoners
Socio-economic needs of receiving communities
Current reintegration dynamics
Research themes:
Provide a socio-economic profile of returnees
Determine medium and longer term needs of returnees
Determine how these needs fit with needs of receiving communities
Identify issues and obstacles to reintegration

3. Methodology: Research methods
Mixed-methods: quantitative and qualitative
In-depth qualitative field research
3 Research teams
6 kab, 9+ kec, 36+ villages
In-depth interviews, FGDs and participatory observation
Quantitative survey
Political prisoner census (IOM)
Combatant sample survey (600+ respondents)

4. SPADA Locations Phase 1 Phase 2 Sabang Aceh Besar Kota Lhokseumawe
Pulo Aceh
Phase 1
Phase 2
Banda Aceh
SPADA Locations
Aceh Besar
Kota Lhokseumawe
Kab. Bireuen
Kab Pidie
Aceh Utara
Aceh Jaya
Bener Meriah
Aceh Barat
Aceh Timur
Langsa
Aceh Tengah
Tamiang
Nagan Raya
Gayo Lues
Aceh Barat Daya
A.Tenggara
Aceh Selatan
Singkil
Kab Simeulu
Pulo banyak

5. Methodology: Timeframe
Round One (November)
Aceh Selatan
Aceh Tengah & Bener Meriah
Aceh Timur
Round Two (December)
Aceh Jaya
Aceh Utara
Pidie
Round Three (January)

6. Interim report (end December) Final report (end of January 2006)
Methodology: Outputs
Interim report (end December)
Final report (end of January 2006)
Weekly updates (Governor’s office)

7. Preliminary findings: Socio-economic profiles
Much higher numbers of returnees
Variation amongst returnees i.e. age, education, years with GAM
Significant numbers of female combatants i.e. in Pidie 5-20% per village
Half returnees already returned to previous livelihoods
Returnee numbers and conflict damage vary within kecamatan

8. Preliminary findings: Reintegration dynamics
GAM and communities are confident in the peace process
High level of acceptance of returnees
GAM returnees still subject to GAM leadership
Some tension amongst returning and surrendered GAM
High community awareness but low understanding of MoU and AMM
Some post-AMM safety and security concerns

9. Preliminary findings: Assistance dynamics
Some tensions amongst GAM over jadup
Isolated incidents of “extortion”
GAM hierarchy still important for agreement on targeted assistance
Potential for conflict if only returnees targeted

10. Preliminary findings: Returnee and community needs
Needs of returnees and receiving communities are similar
Immediate and longer term needs distinguished

11. Preliminary findings: Summary of needs
Returnee immediate
Housing (family)
Food
Health
Livelihood support B
Returnee longer term
Capital
Education and training
Health (psychological) C
Community immediate
Housing D
Community longer term
Infrastructure i.e. Irrigation, roads, bridges
Training and Education
Health services
Home industries

12. Conclusions: Implications for reintegration programming
Targeting
Focus on community as well as returnees
Data
More accurate data collection at village level
Mechanisms
Appropriate delivery mechanisms for GAM returnees needs clarification
Complaints handling
To catch those who slip through
Post-AMM safety and security