1. Those Forgotten During the Industrial Revolution
Unit 5
AP US History

2. African Americans Migration Years Reasons 1. 2. 3. 4.
Between 1890 and 1914, blacks migrated to Northern cities for the following reasons:
Southern sharecropping
Increased violence and racism in the South, KKK
More freedom and opportunities in the North
A chance to work as strike breakers in Northern industry

3. Sharecropping

4. Jim Crow Laws What are they? Plessy vs. Ferguson
Established segregated facilities for blacks and whites
This principle of separate but equal facilities was set down in Plessy vs. Ferguson, 1896

5. African Americans in the North
Generational differences between black and whites
Opportunities available
UNLIKE white immigrants in northern American cities, job opportunities for blacks DID NOT improve with each generation.

6. Booker T. Washington Tuskegee Institute Promoted: Encouraged:
1881, President of Tuskegee Institute.
Promoted vocational education for African Americans
Encouraged self respect, economic equality, self help

7. The Grange During Civil War: By 1870s: Cooperatives Promoted 1. 2. 3.4.
During Civil War, farmers overproduced, bought more on credit, and grew further into debt.
By 1870s, farmers began to work collectively (cooperatives) to promote:
currency
higher farm prices
debt relief
free coinage of silver

8. Farmer’s Alliance Organized farmers in the South and Midwest.
Alliance organized to combat low farm prices, railroad discrimination, and the lack of sufficient silver currency, and high “protective” tariffs
Called for government to address their economic grievances
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act authorized Congress to buy silver and issue Treasury notes.

9. The Populist Party The People’s Party, a party of agrarians (farmers)
Goals:
Coinage of silver
Federal loans to farmers
A graduated income tax
Immigration restrictions
Public ownership of RR, Telegraph, Telephone
An 8 hr work day
Direct elections of senators
Initiative and referendum
Secret Ballot

10. Farmers, 1900

11. Populist Party Platform