1. Frog Dissection Pre Lab

2. External (Ventral):

3. External (Dorsal):

4. External Features

5. Nictitating Membrane Appearance: Clear or whitish/beige thin membrane.
Function: Protects the eye while swimming and attacking prey.
Location: Attached to bottom of the eye.

6. Tympanic Membranes
Appearance: Thin membrane circles on outside of head
Function: Transfer sound waves from ear drum to ear canal for hearing.
Location: Sides of head by eyes.

8. Internal Ears / Eustachian Tubes
Appearance: Small, slender tubes
Function: Transfers sound waves from the tympanic membrane to nasal cavity; equalizes air pressure while swimming
Location: Openings visible from inside of upper mouth

10. Vomerine Teeth Appearance: Small swollen bumps (slimy)
Function: Help hold prey in mouth.
Location: Roof of mouth by nose.

11. Maxillary Teeth Appearance: Sharper bumps Function: Crush/hold prey
Location: Roof of mouth, outer rim.

12. Mouth (Teeth):

13. Nostrils:

15. Tongue Appearance: Large light colored fleshy appendage
Function: Used to catch prey: Propelled from the mouth with powerful muscles; prey sticks to tongue upon contact.
Location: Attached to the FRONT of the mouth.

16. Frog Predation Tactics

18. Heart Appearance: Hard, red-brown mass. Function: Circulate blood.
Location: Center of chest in between lungs, above liver.

19. Heart:

20. Heart:

21. Lungs Appearance: Brown flaps
Function: Bring in oxygen gas, and release carbon dioxide gas.
Location: Sides of heart within chest.

22. Stomach Appearance: Large flesh-colored sack (tubular).
Function: Metabolize/digest food.
Location: Left side of frog (your right side), under liver.

23. Intestines Appearance: Flesh-colored tube
Function: Absorb food nutrients + excrete waste
Location: Abdomen, connected to stomach.

24. Liver Appearance: Gray-ish colored lobes (large)
Function: Metabolize toxins and fats.
Location: Center of chest, under heart and lungs.

25. Fat Bodies Appearance: Yellow-ish squiggly noodles
Function: Additional energy storage + body heat.
Location: Sides of body (internal).

26. Cloaca Appearance: Hole
Function: Multipurpose Hole  Sperm/Eggs, Urine and Fecal Matter all come out of here.
Location: In between legs.

27. (Do NOT have to identify)
Male Parts
(Do NOT have to identify)
Sperm
Testes
Cloaca

28. (Do NOT have to identify)
Female Parts
(Do NOT have to identify)
Eggs
Ovaries
Cloaca

29. ---Dissection Notes---
Identify external structures.
Carefully open mouth and identify types of teeth + tongue.
Lay frog on back.
Carefully cut into chest and abdomen: - Make a vertical incision from throat down to crotch.
- Make 2 horizontal incisions (one below throat, and one above crotch).
5. Open + Identify organs.

30. Cut through the Skin:

31. Cut through the Muscle:

32. Frog Dissection Demo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-LqS5AVRio