1. Science 9 Review for the Earth History

2. 1. The smallest division of time on the geological scale______________.
epoch

3. Are epochs found in every era? Why or why not?
No. They are only found in the current era (cenozoic). More information, records, technology and more happening.

4. What is the Cambrian Explosion?
A great number of different types of organisms evolved at the one time.

5. Beginning of the Paleozoic Era
When did the cambrian explosion occur?
Beginning of the Paleozoic Era

6. One of the GHG’s that is commonly found in fertilizer
Nitrous oxide

7. Fault line and intrution
What is younger the fault line or intrution or the layers of rock that they cut through?
Fault line and intrution

8. Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
What are the three periods of the Mesozoic Era?
Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous

9. Paleozoic Era Mesozoic Cenozoic
Put the eras in the order in which they occurred from oldest to youngest.
Paleozoic Era
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

10. States that the oldest rock is always the bottom layer
What is the law of superposition?
States that the oldest rock is always the bottom layer

11. If an organism is no longer on earth it is said to be _____________
extinct

12. Occurred at end of cretaceous period. Ended Mesozoic era.
What is the K-T extinction? When did it occur?
65MYA
Dinos extinct
Occurred at end of cretaceous period. Ended Mesozoic era.

13. Largest extinction ever 250 MYA
What is the Permian Extinction? When did it occur? Possible cause?
Largest extinction ever
250 MYA
Break up of pangaea, warming CO2 build up, Asteroid impact
End of permian period (Paleozoic Era)

14. ice and glaciers cover earth no true mass extinction
What is the Pleistocene Ice Age? When did it Occur?
9 MYA
ice and glaciers cover earth
no true mass extinction

15. Cambrian period – during the cambrian explosion
When did invertebrates appear?
Cambrian period – during the cambrian explosion

16. Animals that spent some of the time in water and some on land
What are amphibians?
Animals that spent some of the time in water and some on land

17. Animals without a backbone
What are invertabrets?
Animals without a backbone

18. Animals with a backbone
What are vertebrates?
Animals with a backbone

19. Evolved from amphibians to live on land
What are reptiles?
Evolved from amphibians to live on land

20. What are mammals?
Warm blooded vertebrates that became abundant after the dinos became extinct

21. The age of rocks compared to other rocks
What is the relative age of rocks?
The age of rocks compared to other rocks

22. What are index fossils?
Fossils of organisms that were widely distributed but only lived a short time

23. Why are index fossils important to geologists?
Found in layers of rock. Help geologists tell the relative age of the rock. (when organism lived)

24. Know how groups of animals changed and developed over time
From a fossil record geologists can do what?
Know how groups of animals changed and developed over time

25. What happens in radioactive decay?
Parent material breaks down into daughter material. ( one element turns into another element)

26. Way to find age of rock using radioactivity. (exact age)
What is absolute dating?
Way to find age of rock using radioactivity. (exact age)

27. Time it takes for half of the parent material to decay
Half life

28. Radioactive or absolute dating works best on which type of rock?
igneous

29. What type of rock must be used for relative dating?
sedimentary

30. When did life on earth first appear?
Precambrian Time

31. When did life on earth first appear?
Precambrian Time

32. Why have a geological scale?
Because earth’s history is so long it is the best way to keep events/organisms in order.

33. With the beginning (forming) on the earth
How did Precambrian time begin?
With the beginning (forming) on the earth

34. With the beginning (forming) on the earth
How did Precambrian time begin?
With the beginning (forming) on the earth