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A temple to “all the gods”
Pantheon The Pictorial Library of Bible Lands provides PowerPoint files in addition to individual jpg images. The PowerPoint files are organized in logical sequence and may provide a quicker option for copying slides into other presentations. The PowerPoint files also include annotations about the sites and images that are not available elsewhere. The images in the PowerPoints are approximately 1024x768 pixels, the maximum size displayed by many projectors. Users will particularly benefit from accessing the individual higher-resolution jpg images if (1) they have a projection system higher than 1024x768; (2) they want to zoom in on a particular portion of an image; or (3) they want to crop, edit, adapt, or print an image. A temple to “all the gods”
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Pantheon exterior and Ramses II obelisk
The son-in-law of Augustus, Agrippa built the Pantheon in 27 BC in order to commemorate Augustus’ victory over Antony and Cleopatra at Actium. Domitian restored the structure after a devastating fire in AD 80; however, lightning and another fire struck not long after, and the Pantheon again had to be rebuilt ca. AD Hadrian organized this construction, using brick rather than travertine and dedicating it to Agrippa. Septimus Severus and Caracalla apparently also restored the Pantheon at the start of the 3rd century, but it was later closed and plundered by the Goths. In 609 the Pantheon was converted from a temple to a church (St. Mary of the Martyrs, by Boniface IV); this shift set the precedent for innumerable other Roman temples. Despite later destruction and reconstruction, the Pantheon’s adoption as a church is what has kept it so well-preserved over the centuries. tb Pantheon exterior and Ramses II obelisk
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Pantheon with fountain and obelisk in front
tb Pantheon with fountain and obelisk in front
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Pantheon with Ramses II obelisk
tb Pantheon with Ramses II obelisk
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Ramses II obelisk in front of Pantheon
tb Ramses II obelisk in front of Pantheon
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Pantheon fountain and obelisk in front
tb Pantheon fountain and obelisk in front
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Pantheon with fountain and obelisk in front
Hadrian’s inscription on the Pantheon reads “M. AGRIPPA, L. F. COS. TERTIUM FECIT,” meaning “Marcius Agrippa, son of Lucius, consul for the third time, had [this building] made.” Beneath the inscription, Severus and Caracalla added another inscription in AD 202, which says “pantheum vetustate corruptum cum omni cultu restituerunt” (“with every refinement they restored the Pantheum, worn by age”). tb Pantheon with fountain and obelisk in front
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Pantheon and water fountain
tb Pantheon and water fountain
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The Pantheon, probably a monument and temple dedicated to “all the gods” (“pan-theon”), was an important symbol of the Roman empire. It is a composite structure; in the front stands a rectangular pronaos and in the rear a circular drum. tb Pantheon
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tb Pantheon
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Pantheon columns in front
In the Classical porch stand 16 enormous Corinthian columns of red and gray Egyptian granite, the bases and capitals of which were made of pentelic marble. Because the left side of the porch was damaged in the Middle Ages, red Aswan granite was used in the restoration (17th century). tb Pantheon columns in front
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Pantheon interior with Hadrianic door
tb Pantheon interior with Hadrianic door
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Pantheon interior with entrance
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There are several alcoves in the wall surrounding the interior of the rotunda, each characterized by two Corinthian columns. These small rooms once held statues, but were later adopted as chapels and tombs. tb Pantheon interior
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Pantheon interior tb
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Pantheon interior tb p
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Pantheon interior tb p
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Pantheon interior The five rows of 28 coffers, or sunken decorative panels, in the dome, which decrease in size nearer the top, provide the appearance of decreased mass (of the dome) and increased space and light. The dome itself is immense, larger even than St Peter’s. At 142 feet (44 m) in diameter and height from the floor, it was the largest dome in the world until 1958. tb p
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tb p Pantheon interior
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Pantheon dome interior
tb Pantheon dome interior
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