1. EU MILITARY/LOGISTIC ADVISORS ROLE IN AMIS, SPECIALY THE FIELD SUPPORT SERVICE (SUDAN-DARFUR) 28/06-28/12.2005 MAJOR JANOS BESENYO

2. OUTLINE Introduction Introduction Present situation, parties activities, IDP’s Present situation, parties activities, IDP’s Camps, present strength Camps, present strength JLOC, organisation JLOC, organisation FSS role, responsibilities FSS role, responsibilities Positive and negative effects Positive and negative effects Suggestions Suggestions Questions Questions

3. INTRODUCTION

4. Kulbus TineUmm Barro Kabkabiya Sartoni Sarif Umra Mukjar Nertiti Zalinje Graida Khor Abeche Marla Kas Nyala Nitega Kutum Malha Millit Tawila El Fasher Zam Shangil Tobaya Um Kadada Mournei Misteria El Genaina For A Buria 28 E27 E26 E25 E24 E23 E22 E 12 N 13 N 14 N 11 N 15 N NORTH Labado Muhajeria Al Daein Sheiria Askanita WESTERN DARFUR SOUTH DARFUR NORTH DARFUR CHAD C.A.R. DARFUR Abeche 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5. SECURITY SITUATION THE SECURITY SITUATION IN RECENT TIMES HAS BEEN RELATIVELY CALM BUT UNPREDICTABLE. THE SECURITY SITUATION IN RECENT TIMES HAS BEEN RELATIVELY CALM BUT UNPREDICTABLE. BANDITRY ATTACKS, STEALING OF LIVESTOCK, HARASSMENT OF THE CIVIL POPULACE BY ARMED MILITIAS HAS BEEN RECORDED IN ALMOST ALL SECTORS. BANDITRY ATTACKS, STEALING OF LIVESTOCK, HARASSMENT OF THE CIVIL POPULACE BY ARMED MILITIAS HAS BEEN RECORDED IN ALMOST ALL SECTORS. RENEWED FIGHTING IN THE GENERAL AREA OF MUHAJERIA BETWEEN JEM AND SLA, SLA AMBUSHES ON GOS CONVOYS AND JAJAWEED/ SLA CLASHES IN THE AMU VALLEY HAVE CONTRIBUTED IN WORSENING THE SITUATION. RENEWED FIGHTING IN THE GENERAL AREA OF MUHAJERIA BETWEEN JEM AND SLA, SLA AMBUSHES ON GOS CONVOYS AND JAJAWEED/ SLA CLASHES IN THE AMU VALLEY HAVE CONTRIBUTED IN WORSENING THE SITUATION. IN MOST RECENT TIMES VIOLENT THREATS AGAINST AMIS, UN AND NGO PERSONNEL HAS BEEN RECORDED. IN MOST RECENT TIMES VIOLENT THREATS AGAINST AMIS, UN AND NGO PERSONNEL HAS BEEN RECORDED.

6. ACTIVITIES OF THE PARTIES THREATS AND ATTACKS TO AMIS, UN AND NGOS THREATS AND ATTACKS TO AMIS, UN AND NGOS GOS/JANJAWEED ACTIVITIES GOS/JANJAWEED ACTIVITIES GOS POLICE ACTIVITIES WITHIN IDP CAMPS GOS POLICE ACTIVITIES WITHIN IDP CAMPS SLA /JEM/CHADIAN MILITARY ACTIVITIES SLA /JEM/CHADIAN MILITARY ACTIVITIES JEM/SLA CONFRONTATIONS JEM/SLA CONFRONTATIONS EMERGENCE OF NEW GROUP EMERGENCE OF NEW GROUP

7. GOS ACTIVITIES

8. ATTACK ON TAWILLA AS OBSERVED FROM AMIS MGS

9. SOME OF THE IDPs THAT TOOK REFUGE AT AMIS MGS AT TAWILLA DURING THE ATTACK

10. Insert: A convoy of GOS military vehicles A GOS MILITARY VEHICLE MOUNTED WITH A MACHINE GUN

11. SLA/ JEM ACTIVITIES KAFOD IRIBA MUHAJERIA GRAEDA

13. HUMANITARIAN SITUATION THE IDP CAMPS ARE BECOMING OVER CONGESTED THE IDP CAMPS ARE BECOMING OVER CONGESTED FACILITIES AT THE CAMPS ARE OVERSTRETCHED FACILITIES AT THE CAMPS ARE OVERSTRETCHED HUMANITARIAN AGENCIES HAVE CONTINUED TO PROVIDE LIFE-SAVING HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO IDP’s, AS WELL AS RESIDENTS IN THE VILLAGES HUMANITARIAN AGENCIES HAVE CONTINUED TO PROVIDE LIFE-SAVING HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO IDP’s, AS WELL AS RESIDENTS IN THE VILLAGES THE PRESENCE OF HUMANTARIAN AGENCIES, AU MILOB’s AND CIVPOL’s HELPS IN STEMMING THE TIDE OF HOSTILITIES THE PRESENCE OF HUMANTARIAN AGENCIES, AU MILOB’s AND CIVPOL’s HELPS IN STEMMING THE TIDE OF HOSTILITIES

15. ACTIVITIES OF AMIS AMIS/CFC has continued to intensify its activities to reduce the incidence of Ceasefire violations in Darfur. 2. In accordance with its mandate as contained in Article 4 of HCFA of 8 April 2004 AMIS continuously investigates allegations in response to reports of Ceasefire violations. 3. Regular patrols are conducted by MILOBs to promote confidence building and also to show AU presence on the ground. 4. CFC embarks on consultations with all parties in the conflict and the Humanitarian agencies. 5. Conducts basic orientation for new MILOBs. 6. Provides airlift in emergencies to the UN Agencies for the sick and the wounded. 7. Attends the Joint Commission Meeting once a month at N'djamena Chad.

16. UPDATE ON AMIS II EXPANSION 1. NIGERIA – 3 Infantry Battalions. 2. RWANDA – 3 Infantry Battalions. 3. SENEGAL- 1 Infantry Battalion. 4. GAMBIA – 1 Infantry Company. 5. KENYA – A Detachment of Military Police. 6. SOUTH AFRICA- 1 Infantry Company, 1 Engineer Platoon & EOD Section

17. INDUCTION OF CANADIAN APCs GRIZZLY

18. STRENGHT of 18.01.06 Military all ranks: 5611 Military all ranks: 5611 CivPol:1195 CivPol:1195 PAE: 229 PAE: 229 AMZAR: 418 AMZAR: 418 Skylink: 139 Skylink: 139 Total: 7589 Total: 7589

19. Dep Maintenance Maj Brierley (UK) AU / JLOC STRUCTURE AT EL FASHER Dep Field Support Cpt Besenyo (HU) Deputy Chief JLOC / Chief of Staff Col N´tcha-M´po Assist. to Dep Chief LTC Jakobsson (SE) Assist. to Chief JLOC Cdr Ryder (CA) Vacant Dep Log OpsPlans Maj Lewis (CA) CIVPOL Supt Penya Field Support Maj Sabiti Sector Support Cell (AU) Sector Support Cell (AU) Sector Support Cell (AU) Sector Support Cell (AU) Log Ops& Plans Cdr Amenyo LTC Liteta Chief JLOC Col Amuzu Dep Contract Management Maj Malmsten Dep Mat Manag SqnLdr Colpus (UK) Dep J4 Mov Maj Laing (US) Deputy Head of Mission Dep Comms/IT Maj Ljungholm (SE) Maintenance Vacant Contract Management Maj Miriti Materiel Management Maj Cuba J4 Movement LTC Dauda Medical/ EH Vacant PAE (US) Other Contractors Road J4 Tac Air / SH Medial / CASEVAC Environmental Health Equipment Control Distribution and Management Logistic Filed reserves (C Sups) Communications/IT Vacant

20. JLOC TASKS General. The JLOC acts as the logistic focus within the FHQ for both the Military and Police missions. It prepares operational logistic plans in support of the operation and acts as the operational level logistic authority. The JLOC ensures that the operational theatre is properly sustained. The JLOC works in direct co-ordination with the Logistic Cell at Mission HQ in Khartoum and the ACMC in Addis Ababa. Chief JLOC. The Chief JLOC is responsible for the delivery of logistic support to AMIS within the operational theatre. He works through the Deputy Head of Mission and operates on behalf of both the Force Commander and the CIVPOL Commissioner. Deputy Chief JLOC. Acts on behalf of the Chief JLOC and is the JLOC Chief of Staff, co-ordinating all operational logistic staff effort. Field Support Section (FSS). The FSS provides the direct logistic contact with Sectors on behalf of Chief JLOC and works in co-ordination with the functional cells. The FSS is responsible for the delivery of up to date logistic reports and returns from Sectors to the Chief JLOC. Log Ops and Plans. Provides logistic planning support to the Force Commander and the CIVPOL Commissioner. Provide real time logistic support to the operation ensuring that the military and CIVPOL are properly sustained with C Sups in co-ordination with PAE. Maintenance. Ensures that all vehicles in theatre are properly maintained and supported in co- ordination with Contractors. Materiel Management. Ensures that all equipment is properly distributed and managed to support the needs of the operation and all equipment is properly accounted for. Mov / Air Ops. Co-ordinates all in-theatre J4 movement including tactical airlift, SH, (when in a J4 function) and road convoys. Medical / Environmental Health. Co-ordinates medical and health service support to include treatment and evacuation of casualties, medical logistics, preventative medicine and environmental health with PAE and other medical providers. Communications / IT. Co-ordinates the distribution and maintenance of all communications and IT equipment in accordance with the communications plan. CIVPOL. Act as the CIVPOL interface to the JLOC ensuring that all CIVPOL requirements and enhancement needs are met.

21. FIELD SUPPORT SERVICE REAL TASK Food-Catering service Food-Catering service Camp management Camp management Water supply Water supply Environmental, Health and Camp Sanitation Environmental, Health and Camp Sanitation Fire Marshall Fire Marshall Others Others

22. Food-Catering Service Monitoring PAE and AMZAR in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Monitoring PAE and AMZAR in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. In close cooperation with AMZAR & PAE organise the food delivery to the remote camps with AirOps. In close cooperation with AMZAR & PAE organise the food delivery to the remote camps with AirOps. Co-ordinates with the PAE Food & Facilities Manager any problems regarding the AU. Co-ordinates with the PAE Food & Facilities Manager any problems regarding the AU.

23. Food-Catering Service Advise AMZAR in catering field, training for cooks (kitchen guideline, etc.). Advise AMZAR in catering field, training for cooks (kitchen guideline, etc.). Cooperation with another sections (Ops and Plans, Logistics, Mess commitee, etc.) Cooperation with another sections (Ops and Plans, Logistics, Mess commitee, etc.) Delegations, guests Delegations, guests

24. Food-Catering Service

25. Camp Management Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Total responsibility for the smooth running of the camp catering, liaising with the Catering Contractor on a daily basis. Total responsibility for the smooth running of the camp catering, liaising with the Catering Contractor on a daily basis. All Facilities including but not limited to Laundry, Dining Rooms, Accommodation, Camp Maintenance & Equipment Security. All Facilities including but not limited to Laundry, Dining Rooms, Accommodation, Camp Maintenance & Equipment Security.

26. Camp Management

28. Water supply Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Close cooperation with PAE water manager to provide drinkable and potable water to all mission area Close cooperation with PAE water manager to provide drinkable and potable water to all mission area Check the quality of water time to time (with normal senses and labour as well) Check the quality of water time to time (with normal senses and labour as well)

29. Water supply

30. Environmental,Health Camp Sanitation Monitoring PAE and MSS in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Monitoring PAE and MSS in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Close cooperation with PAE camp sanitation manager and MSS operational manager Close cooperation with PAE camp sanitation manager and MSS operational manager Health & Hygiene Management within the Camp Facilities, to include waste management (Fuel spillage, waste disposal, sewage). Health & Hygiene Management within the Camp Facilities, to include waste management (Fuel spillage, waste disposal, sewage). Stress management (entertainment) Stress management (entertainment)

31. Environmental,Health Camp Sanitation

32. Fire Marshall Monitoring PAE camp managers in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Monitoring PAE camp managers in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. Plan and Check the Fire evacuation plans Plan and Check the Fire evacuation plans In close cooperation with PAE organise Fire extinguises delivery and refresh to the remote camps with AirOps. In close cooperation with PAE organise Fire extinguises delivery and refresh to the remote camps with AirOps. Co-ordinates with the PAE Operational Manager any problems regarding the AU (cooking inside the tents, etc.). Co-ordinates with the PAE Operational Manager any problems regarding the AU (cooking inside the tents, etc.).

33. Fire Marshall

34. POSITIVE EFFECTS FACED BY FIELD SUPPORT

35. PAE and their subcontractors are making good job (correct and flexible and sometimes more that is included in the contract) PAE and their subcontractors are making good job (correct and flexible and sometimes more that is included in the contract) Well trained (educated in EU, NATO or UN schools) AU officers and NCOs Well trained (educated in EU, NATO or UN schools) AU officers and NCOs JLOC made progress (effectiveness-water, food, fuel, etc.) JLOC made progress (effectiveness-water, food, fuel, etc.) Improvement with food (quality and quantity as well) Improvement with food (quality and quantity as well) EU advisors role in JLOC EU advisors role in JLOC

36. NEGATIVE EFFECTS FACED BY FIELD SUPPORT

37. No real responsibility (missing positions as well camp comandants, logistic, hygiene and fire officers) No real responsibility (missing positions as well camp comandants, logistic, hygiene and fire officers) No Decision making No Decision making No Lessons Learned No Lessons Learned No any daily logistic sitreps from sectors No any daily logistic sitreps from sectors No proper planning No proper planning Lack of communication between sections or components Lack of communication between sections or components Lack of human resources or using them in a wrong way, in a wrong position Lack of human resources or using them in a wrong way, in a wrong position Rivalrization between various fractions (nationals and components as well) Rivalrization between various fractions (nationals and components as well)

38. SUGGESTIONS

39. Enlarge the storage facilities (MRE, fresh and frozen food) Enlarge the storage facilities (MRE, fresh and frozen food) Giving priority to food and Medevac (no VIPs or medals) Giving priority to food and Medevac (no VIPs or medals) Appoint camp comandants, hygiene officers and Fire marshalls in each camps ASAP Appoint camp comandants, hygiene officers and Fire marshalls in each camps ASAP Create JOC ASAP Create JOC ASAP Proper planning (training) Proper planning (training) Create and use Log. Sitreps Create and use Log. Sitreps Donors have to continue to put pressure on AU to handle properly the donated equipment Donors have to continue to put pressure on AU to handle properly the donated equipment Check the usage of donated items (missing first aid kits, cars, Laptops, Slovenian MREs, etc.) Check the usage of donated items (missing first aid kits, cars, Laptops, Slovenian MREs, etc.)

40. Biography János Besenyő: The European Union's first support operation on the African continent: Darfur, Academic and Applied Research in Public Managament Science (ISSN: 2064-0021) 14: (4) pp. 349-361. (2015), https://figshare.com/articles/The_European_Union_s_first_support_oper ation_on_the_African_continent_Darfur/7093109 János Besenyő: The European Union's first support operation on the African continent: Darfur, Academic and Applied Research in Public Managament Science (ISSN: 2064-0021) 14: (4) pp. 349-361. (2015), https://figshare.com/articles/The_European_Union_s_first_support_oper ation_on_the_African_continent_Darfur/7093109 https://figshare.com/articles/The_European_Union_s_first_support_oper ation_on_the_African_continent_Darfur/7093109 https://figshare.com/articles/The_European_Union_s_first_support_oper ation_on_the_African_continent_Darfur/7093109 János Besenyő: The first military operation between European Union and African Union. The European advisors role in Darfur – AARMS (Miklós Zrínyi National Defence University), Volume 6, Issue 4. 2007, pp. 771-784, https://figshare.com/articles/The_first_military_operation_between_Euro pean_Union_and_African_Union_The_European_advisors_role_in_Darf ur/7015367 János Besenyő: The first military operation between European Union and African Union. The European advisors role in Darfur – AARMS (Miklós Zrínyi National Defence University), Volume 6, Issue 4. 2007, pp. 771-784, https://figshare.com/articles/The_first_military_operation_between_Euro pean_Union_and_African_Union_The_European_advisors_role_in_Darf ur/7015367 https://figshare.com/articles/The_first_military_operation_between_Euro pean_Union_and_African_Union_The_European_advisors_role_in_Darf ur/7015367 https://figshare.com/articles/The_first_military_operation_between_Euro pean_Union_and_African_Union_The_European_advisors_role_in_Darf ur/7015367 János Besenyő: Logistic Experiences: The Case of Darfur- PromotingPeace and SecurityinAfrica – FinnishDepartment of Strategic and Defence Studies (2006 – Series 2 No 35), pp. 41-59. http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77169/StratL2_35.pdf?s equence=1 János Besenyő: Logistic Experiences: The Case of Darfur- PromotingPeace and SecurityinAfrica – FinnishDepartment of Strategic and Defence Studies (2006 – Series 2 No 35), pp. 41-59. http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77169/StratL2_35.pdf?s equence=1 http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77169/StratL2_35.pdf?s equence=1 http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77169/StratL2_35.pdf?s equence=1

41. QUESTIONS?