1. Is the Constitution a Living Document?

2. Magna Carta 1215 Barons to King John Trial by jury and due process
Protection against taking of life, liberty, land
Only for rich barons
Magna Carta

3. Petition of Rights 1628 for Charles I Not imprison political enemies
Monarch cannot rule military during peacetime
Challenged divine right of kings
Petition of Rights

4. English Bill of Rights 1688 to King William and Queen Mary
No standing army
Free elections for Parliament
No cruel or unusual punishment
English Bill of Rights

5. Articles of Confederation Article IX
Description: Powers given to Congress
Very weak = right to make money but no right to tax
Super-Majority 9/13 states had to agree on anything
Articles of Confederation Article IX

6. Who has the power in the articles of confederation?
Give two examples: 1) 2)

7. Articles of Confederation Summary
Weak friendship of states
States have all the power. Why?
No president and no judiciary
Could make treaties, create an army
Did make treaties with Native Americans for Northwest Territories
Could not collect taxes to pay for a war or pay off debts
Shay’s Rebellion

8. Constitutional Convention Philadelphia 1787
74 Delegates Chosen from 12 States(Rhode Island did not attend)
Purpose was to revise Articles of Confederation
Not in attendance were Patrick Henry, John Adams, John Hancock, Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams
Younger and more ambitious group. All white men.
Constitutional Convention Philadelphia 1787

9. Patrick Henry, John Hancock, Sam Adams
Federalist
James Madison and Alexander Hamilton
Weakness and failure of articles
Need to tax
Need for an executive to make quick decisions
Need for compromise between large and small states
Anti Federalist
Patrick Henry, John Hancock, Sam Adams
Wanted States to hold Powers
Too much power for central gov’t
To much power for executive branch (King)
Lack of “bill of rights”