1. Risto Öörni, M.Sc. (Tech) Implementing eCall System,
Prospects of Development and
Interoperability with GAIS ERA-GLONASS

2. eCall – European in-vehicle emergency call system
GNSS (GPS, GALILEO)
PSAP
2G/3G
PLMN
eCall standards (the list is non-exhaustive):
EN 15722:2015 eCall Minimum Set of Data
EN 16062:2015 eCall High Level Application Requirements (HLAP) Using GSM/UMTS Circuit Switched Networks
EN 16072:2015 Pan-European eCall Operating Requirements
EN 16454: eCall End to End Conformance Testing
ETSI TS : eCall HLAP Interoperability Testing

3. Regulatory status of eCall in Europe
eCall becomes mandatory in M1 and N1 class vehicle models type-approved after 31st March 2018, see:
REGULATION (EU) 2015/758 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 29 April 2015 concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC
EC has recommended that the eCall discriminator should be implemented in mobile networks in EU member states by 31st December 2014
COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION (2011/750/EU)
of 8 September 2011
on support for an EU-wide eCall service in electronic communication networks for the transmission of in-vehicle emergency calls based on 112 (‘eCalls’)
eCall has been mandatory in public safety answering points of EU member states since 1st October 2017:
DECISION No 585/2014/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 15 May 2014 on the deployment of the interoperable EU-wide eCall service T
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
eCall became mandatory in PSAPs in EU: 1st October 2017
eCall becomes mandatory in new type-approved M1 and N1 vehicle models (cars and vans): 31st March 2018
Harmonised provision of an interoperable EU-wide eCall is one of the priority actions identified in the European ITS Directive (Directive 2010/40/EU)

4. Status of eCall implementation in Europe
Country
Member state status upgrade
Number of PSAPs enabled to receive eCalls
Status of conformity assessment
Bulgaria
In progress
Czech Republic
Yes
Cyprus No
1 + 1 backup PSAP
Finland
6 + 1 test PSAP
Under work
Germany
In progress (completion expected during 2017)
Greece 1
Ireland
Italy
No, being arranged
Luxembourg
Portugal 2
Slovenia 13
United Kingdom 5
Adapted from: Rooke, A I_HeERO Ostrava. Presentation at I_HeERO Truck Roadshow Conference, 30–31 October 2017, Ostrava, Czech Republic.

5. Future development of eCall
Implementation of pan-European eCall is going on in Europe
First member states have eCall functional, implementation will continue in the remaining ones
Extension of eCall to vehicle categories other than M1 and N1, e.g.
eCall for Heavy Goods Vehicles (CEN TS 16405)
eCall for Coaches and Buses (CEN TC278, WG15, WI )
eCall for satellite link (CEN TC278, WG15, WI )
Next Generation eCall (NG eCall)
Circuit-switched 2G and 3G networks will be closed down sooner or later in future, and an IP based solution will be needed
First specifications for NG eCall have been published by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) (RFC 8147)
NG eCall application layer is under work by CEN (FprCEN/TS 17184)

6. Interoperability tests of eCall and ERA-GLONASS
Analysis of interoperability of eCall and ERA-GLONASS has been prepared as a desktop study and published as a peer reviewed article
Results should be verified in tests with real-life systems; two use cases have been identified:
eCall IVS interacting with an ERA-GLONASS back-office system
ERA-GLONASS IVS interacting with a PSAP equipped with pan-European eCall
Plan for eCall and ERA-GLONASS interoperability tests is currently under work by Finnish and Russian experts
The analysis and related interoperability tests will focus on the core features of both systems:
Voice connection between user of the IVS and PSAP
Transmission and decoding of minimum set of data (MSD)
MSD retransmission
Call back from PSAP to IVS

7. Remarks on interoperability
At the moment, there is no agreement between EU countries and Russia on handling of emergency calls from vehicles
e.g. provision of the service free of charge, prioritisation of eCalls and ERA-GLONASS calls and call handling in interworking use cases
Interoperability issues identified so far:
eCall PSAPs being implemented now in EU support MSD version 2 (EN15722:2015), specifications of ERA-GLONASS allow use of MSD version 1 (EN15722:2011) until January 2018

8. Topics for further research
Processing of emergency calls from vehicles in cross-border situations:
e.g. an emergency call from an eCall IVS in territory of Finland connected to Russian mobile network and Filtering Contact Centre of ERA-GLONASS or vice versa
Possibilities for interoperability between eCall for Heavy Goods Vehicles under development in EU and Russian systems (ERA-GLONASS and tracking and tracing system for hazardous goods transports)
Interoperability between eCall and ERA-GLONASS will remain as a research topic also in future
NG eCall, eCall for heavy goods vehicles…

9. Arctic Navigation Seminar: Challenges in Arctic Navigation
16–18 April 2018, Olos (Lapland), Finland
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