1. THE NOBILITY HAD A MILITARY ROLE
THE NOBILITY HAD A MILITARY ROLE. THEY WERE SUPPOSED TO DEFEND THE POPULATION
THE CLERGY WERE THOSE WHO BELONGED TO THE CHURCH. PRIESTS AND MONKS PRAYED AND LED A SPIRITUAL LIFE
THE 3RD ESTATE CONSISTED MAINLY OF PEASANTS. LATER ON, INCREASING NUMBER OF MERCHANTS AND CRAFTSMEN ALSO BELONGED TO THIS ESTATE
KING
FIRST ESTATE
PRIVILIGED
NOBILTY AND CLERGY
SECOND ESTATE
FEUDAL SOCIETY
THIRD ESTATE
NOT PRIVILIGED
PEASANTS

2. THE NOBILITY
FEUDAL NOBLES WERE DEDICATED TO WARFARE. THEY WERE GIVEN MILITARY TRAINING AS YOUNG BOYS
SERFS AND FREE PEASANTS WORKED FOR THEM. THESE LEADING NOBLES ACQUIRED HEREDITARY TITLES SUCH AS DUKE, MARQUESS AND COUNT. BUT BENEATH THEM, THE KNIGHTS OFTEN HAD LITTLE WEALTH EXCEPT FOR THEIR HORSES AND WEAPONS

3. KNIGHTS
THE PRESTIGE OF THE FEUDAL NOBILITY WAS BASED ON ITS ROLE AS A WARRIOR ELITE
YOUNG BOYS RECEIVED A LONG MILITARY TRANING OVER MANY YEARS 1 2 3
FIRST, THEY BEGAN SERVICE AS A PAGE AT THE AGE OF ABOUT 8
WHEN THEY REACHED THE AGE OF 15 OR 16 THEY BECAME A SQUIRE AT THE SERVICE OF A KNIGHT
FINALLY , AFTER THE TRAINING, THEY WERE MADE KNIGHTS IN A SPECIAL CEREMONY
IN WARTIMES, THE NOBLES HELPED THE KING BY PROVIDING MILITARY ASSISTANCE. THEY CALLED ON THE KNIGHTS WHO WERE THEIR VASSALS AND CREATE PRIVATE ARMIES. IN PEACETIME, KNIGHTS STILL PRACTISED THEIR MILITARY SKILLS. THEY WENT HUNTING AND IN TOURNAMENTS

4. THE CLERGY
THE CLERGY PLAYED A KEY ROLE IN FEUDAL SOCIETY BECAUSE RELIGION WAS SUCH AN IMPORTANT PART OF EVERYONE´S LIVES
UNLIKE MOST PEOPLE IN MEDIEVAL SOCIETY THEY RECEIVED AN EDUCATION, AND THEY DIRECTED RELIGIOUS PRACTICE
CHURCH LEADERS, SUCH BISHOPS, NEARLY ALWAYS CAME FROM NOBLE FAMILIES. THEY WERE IMPORTANT FEUDAL LORDS BECAUSE THEY OWNED MANY GREAT ESTATES
HOWEVER, AT A LOWER LEVEL, PRIESTS, MONKS AND NUNS LED MUCH SIMPLER LIVES

5. THERE WERE TWO CATEGORIES
THE PEASANTS
THE PEASANTS MADE UP THE GREAT MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION AND LIVED IN VERY HARSH CONDITIONS.
THERE WERE TWO CATEGORIES
SOMETIMES OWNED SMALL PLOTS OF LAND. THEY USALLY LIVED IN VILLAGES AND WERE FREE TO MOVE AROUND OR TO GET MARRIED
THEY WERE COMPLETELY SUBJECT TO THEIR FEUDAL LORDS. THEY WERE BORN, LIVED AND DIED ON THE SAME PIECE OF LAND
FREE PEASANTS
SERFS
VILLEINS

6. CASTLES: HOME OF THE LORD
NOBLES LIVED IN CASTLES, THESE WERE DEFENSIVE FORTRESSES WHERE THE REST OF THE POPULATION COULD TAKE REFUGE IT THEY WERE ATTACKED
THE KEEP
WALKWAY
PORTCULLIS
MOAT
DRAWBRIDGE
BATTLEMENTS
ARROWSLIT
BARBICAN
STABLE
WELL
DEFENSIVE TOWERS
WORKSHOPS
COURTYARD
WALL
GREAT HALL

7. PARTS OF A MEDIEVAL CASTLE
STABLES
THE GREAT HALL
KEEP OR DONJON
CIRCULAR TOWER
WEAPONS COURTYARD
WORKSHOPS
MOAT
WELL
PORTICULLIS
RAMPARTS OR WALKWAY
CURTAINWALL
ARROW-SLIT
BATTLE-MENTS
PARTS OF A MEDIEVAL CASTLE
MACHICOLATION
BARBICAN
DRAWBRIDGE
STOCKADE

8. PARTS OF A MEDIEVAL CASTLE

10. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHURCH
DURING THE MIDDLE AGES MOST OF THE POPULATION WAS CHRISTIAN AND SO THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH, HAD ENORMOUS POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL POWER
IT INTERVENED IN THE AFFAIRS OF THE CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS BY ADVISING KINGS AND ARBITRATING IN THEIR DISPUTES
THE CHURCH HAD VERY LARGE FIEFS AND COLLECTED TAXES FROM PEASANTS. IT ALSO RECEIVED DONATIONS IN EXCHANGE FOR PRAYERS
IT WAS A PRIVILEGED GROUP AND HAD GREAT INFLUENCE ON THE RESTE OF SOCIETY. IT SUPERVISED THE MORAL BEHAVIOUR
THIS WAS THE MOST EDUCATED CLASS, VERY FEW OTHER PEOPLE KNEW HOW TO READ OR HOW TO WRITE. THEY PRODUCED AND COPIED MANUSCRIPTS IN THE MONASTERIES
POLITICALLY
ECONOMICALLY
SOCIALLY
CULTURALLY

11. THE ORGANISATION OF THE CHURCH THERE WERE TWO TYPES OF CLERGY
THE MISSION OF THE CLERGY WAS TO PREACH, TEACH CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE AND ADMINISTER THE SACRAMENTS
THERE WERE TWO TYPES OF CLERGY
THESE WERE PRIESTS AND THEIR BISHOPS. THEY LIVED AMONG THE REST OF THE POPULATION, AND THEY ALL WERE MEN
THEY WERE THE MONKS AND THE, AND ALSO NUNS AND ABBESSES. THEY LIVED IN MONASTERIES AND HAD A COMMUNAL LIFE. THEY BELONGED TO DIFFERENT ORDERS (BENEDICTINES, CISTERCIANS) THAT FOLLOWED DIFFERENT RULES
WHEN THEY ENTERED THE ORDER THE MONKS AND NUNS TOOK VOWS OF POVERTY, CHASTITY AND OBEDIENCE
THE SECULAR CLERGY
THE REGULAR CLERGY
THEIR PRINCIPLE WAS SUMMED IN THE LATIN PHRASE: “ORA ET LABORA”

12. PARTS OF A MONASTERY CHURCH CRAFT FACILILITIES NOVITIATE CHAPTER HOUSE
KITCHEN
SCRIPTORIUM
CLOISTER
REFECTORY
HOSTELRY
WORKSHOPS
MONK CELLS
EXTERNAL SCHOOL
ENTRANCE
STABLES

13. PARTS OF A MONASTERY