1. Section B Foundations of Religion – Christianity
Chapter Nine The Death and Resurrection of Jesus

2. Conflict with Authority
When an individual or a group clashes with the people who hold power, make decisions and enforce obedience
The authority figures in Jesus’ time were the Romans and the leaders of Judaism

3. Events of the Last Week of Jesus’ Life
Palm Sunday
Turning over the money changers’ tables
Betrayal by Judas
The Last Supper
Praying in the Garden
Arrest
Trial and interrogation
Crucifixion

4. Passover
Passover is a Jewish festival that commemorates the story of the Exodus, in which the ancient Israelites were freed from slavery in Egypt
Jesus and the disciples shared a last meal together during Passover
This was probably a Seder meal
Jesus followed the Jewish custom of thanking God

5. Memorial
At the meal, Jesus broke the bread and gave it to the disciples, saying:
‘This is my body which is given for you.
Do this in remembrance of me’
After the meal, Jesus blessed the wine and gave it to the disciples, saying:
‘This cup that is poured out for you
is the new covenant in my blood’
Eucharist is an action intended to commemorate this.

6. Eucharist
Christian service, ceremony or sacrament commemorating the Last Supper
Eucharist means ‘thanksgiving’
Bread and wine are consecrated (made sacred) and consumed
Also known as Holy Communion, Mass, the Lord’s Supper

7. Sacrifice
In ancient times, an act of slaughtering an animal or surrendering a possession as an offering to a God
Sacrifice means giving up something valued for the sake of something else that is more important or more worthy
In Christianity, ‘sacrifice’ can refer to Jesus’ offering of himself in the crucifixion

8. Martyrdom A martyr is someone who is killed for their beliefs
Martyrdom means the death or suffering of a martyr
Jesus’ death was a part of his mission to bring people close to God, and to repair their broken relationship with God, and so he sacrificed himself for others

9. Resurrection
Resurrection means restoring a dead person to life in a transformed way beyond the power of death
In Christianity it refers to the belief that Jesus rose from the dead:
‘When a group of women followers went to anoint Jesus
on the Sunday morning, they found the tomb empty
and were told: “He has been raised, he is not here”’

10. Transformation Transformation means to undergo a marked change
Following the resurrection, the disciples went through a complete transformation
For the early Christians the resurrection was a transforming event
Modern Christians, remember and celebrate it
Christians believe it has the power to transform people’s lives today

11. Presence
Presence means the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being present; it can also refer to a person or thing that exists or is present in a place but is not seen
Christians believe that Jesus was God incarnate or ‘God in the flesh’
The presence of God was fully realised in the life of Jesus but in the resurrection that presence is promised continually until the end of time