1. : The World at War

2. Differing Viewpoints “The Great War” “The War to End All Wars”
“The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’”

3. Essential Question: What are the causes of the War?

4. M.A.N.I.A. (Causes of WW I) Militarism Alliances Nationalism
Imperialism
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand

5. 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures
1. Militarism & Arms Race
Building up the military (tanks, guns, boats, etc.)
Increase in Defense Expenditures
France
10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%

6. 2. The Alliance System
Triple Entente:
Triple Alliance:

7. Two Armed Camps!
Allied Powers:
Central Powers:

8. Victor Emmanuel II [It]
The Major Players:
Allied Powers:
Central Powers:
Nicholas II [Rus]
Wilhelm II [Ger]
George V [Br]
Victor Emmanuel II [It]
Enver Pasha [Turkey]
Pres. Poincare [Fr]
Franz Josef [A-H]

9. Europe in 1914

10. 3. Aggressive Nationalism

11. 4. Economic & Imperial Rivalries

12. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe

13. The “Spark”

14. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

15. 5. The Assassination: Sarajevo

16. The Assassin:
Gavrilo Princip

17. The Plot
Serbian nationalists (Black Hand) wanted Bosnia to join Serbia.
They thought that assassinating the Archduke would start a war which would lead to uniting Serbia.
Gavrilo Princip shot Ferdinand and his wife Sophia in Sarajevo.
Play All for You, Sophia by Franz Ferdinand

18. The Ultimatum
Austria-Hungary believed that the Serbian gov’t was behind the assassination.
AH issues an ultimatum to allow AH to enter Serbia to investigate.
Serbia rejects the ultimatum.
AH declares war against Serbia on July 28, 1914.

19. Europe is at War!
Russia mobilizes its army on July 29 to support Serbia (only had plans to mobilize against both AH and Germany).
Germany mobilized and declared war on Russia on Aug 1 (Germany’s plans were to mobilize against both Russia & France).

20. The Fighting Begins!
Germany declared war France August 3 because war plans (Schieffen plan) called to attack France first and attack through neutral Belgium.
Because Germany cut through Belgium Britain declared war on Germany on August 4.

21. The Schlieffen Plan

22. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

24. Russian Women Soldiers

25. A Multi-Front War

26. The Western Front

27. Trench Warfare