1. Pick up a Help Hector packet from the front table!
April 4, 2008
Pick up a Help Hector packet from the front table!
Objective:
After instructions on how a Roman Republic works the students will be able simulate on of their own using Plebian concerns.
Helping our Hero Hector!
Homework:
Finish your Roman Culture packet for Monday

2. The Growth and Expansion
The Roman Republic
The Growth and Expansion

3. Key Topic: The Roman Republic
Main Idea # 1 : How the original Republic was formed
Main Idea # 2 : Rome’s republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens.
Main Idea # 3 : How the Roman Republic works

4. Main Idea # 1
How the original Republic was formed

5. Main Idea # 1 1. Who ruled Rome before the Romans?
The Etruscans (Tarquins) .
2. What type of rulers were the Etruscans?
CRUEL
3. Romans rebel in 509 B.C.E.
4. Create a Republic
5. Republic = form of government where citizens have the power.

6. Main Idea # 1 Make a timeline with these events
509 B.C.E. Rome = small city.
Slowly expands.
338 B.C.E. defeat the other Latins
284 B.C.E. defeat Etruscans
267 B.C.E. defeat the Greeks
The Republic is growing!

8. Main Idea # 1 1. How did the Romans take over Italy? By force
2. How did they keep those people they conquered under their control
Made them citizens able to take part in the government OR
Made them allies with their own government, but they had to pay taxes and supply an army to Rome

9. Main Idea # 2
Rome’s republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens.
Patricians VS
Plebeians

10. Main Idea # 2
Patricians
Plebeians
Slaves

11. Main Idea # 2 Patricians Plebeians Majority of the population
Wealthy land owners
Nobles that made up the ruling class
Citizens (male)– could vote, pay taxes, serve in the army
Could not marry a Plebian
Could serve in government
Plebeians
Majority of the population
Artisans, shopkeepers, small farm owners
Citizens (male)– could vote, pay taxes, serve in army
Could not marry a Patrician
Could NOT serve in government

12. Main Idea # 3
How the Roman Republic works

13. Main Idea # 3
Consuls
Senate
Praetors
Tribunes

14. Main Idea # 3 Consuls
Top government official
Two chosen every year
Headed the army and ran the government
Served short term….avoided risk of abusing power
Veto
The right of the consul to reject the other’s decision. Latin for “I forbid”

15. Main Idea # 3 Senate
300 men
Chosen for life
Advise Consul
Deal with other countries
Proposes laws
Approve public works
Deal with daily government problems

16. Main Idea # 3 Praetors
Government officials
Interpreted law and judged court cases
Kept tax records
Handled public finances
Supervised public festivals

17. First steps towards democracy in Rome!
Main Idea # 3 Tribunes
Elected by all citizens (Plebians have a large majority so they really elect the official)
Bring Plebian concerns to the government
Right to veto actions taken by the government
First steps towards democracy in Rome!

18. Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!
How do you know what a law says? How do you know how someone should be punished if they do something wrong? Draco of Greece was the first person to do this!
Write the laws down so the patricians couldn’t be unfair to the plebians!!!!

19. Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!
451 BCE The Twelve Tablets were made on bronze tablets
Where would you put them in Rome so everyone (both rich and poor) could see them?
The forum (marketplace)

20. Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!
Finish these sentences….
Innocent until_____________________.
Proven guilty
You have the right to _____________ in court.
Attorney &/or silent
Laws of Nations – laws to settle disputes between all people
Do we still use this today???

21. Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!
Is it fair to punish one person for stealing but not another person? Why or why not?
Rule of Law – the idea that all laws should apply to every person equally and all people should be treated the same by the legal system
We base all our laws today off of this idea made by the Romans!

22. Roman Law Influence to the West
Roman’s Lasting Legacy
Equal treatment under the law
Innocent until proven guilty
The burden of proof rests with the accuser
Unreasonable or unfair laws could be set aside

23. Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!
5 Key Principles of Roman Law
Fostered unity & stability
Included two systems of laws: civil law for Roman citizens, & the law of nations, which Romans believed applied to all people because it was based on laws of nature
The accused had the right to face the accuser & offer a defense against the charge
Guilt had to be established “clearer than daylight” through evidence “person was innocent until proven guilty”
Judges were allowed to interpret the laws & were expected to make fair decisions