1. Spheres of the Earth

2. Spheres of the Earth 1. Hydrosphere
• Ocean is the most prominent feature of the hydrosphere.
- Is nearly 71% of Earth's surface
• Also includes fresh water found in streams, lakes, and glaciers, as well as that found underground

3. Spheres of the Earth 2. Atmosphere 3. Biosphere
• Body of air surrounding our planet
• Most of it is close to the Earth’s surface
• Majority of it is N (79%), some is oxygen (21%), the rest is other gases
3. Biosphere
• Includes all life
Ranges 3 m below and above the Earth’s surface and top 200 m of the ocean

4. Spheres of the Earth 4. Geosphere • Solid parts of the Earth
Includes the interior of the Earth

5. Geosphere

6. A B C D

7. Which spheres do you see?

8. Earth’s Layered Structure

10. Earth’s Layers by compound
Crust: Compositional outermost solid layer of Earth. There are two types - continental & oceanic. This layer is made up of mostly basalt and granite.
Mantle: The compositional layer of Earth between the core & the crust. This layer is hot, slow-flowing, solid rock. It contains oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron, and calcium.
Core: Compositional layer of Earth just below the mantle to the center. It is made mostly of iron and some nickel. It is the densest layer.

11. Physical layers of the Earth
Lithosphere (stone): The physical layer of Earth that is made up of two parts- the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle. It is divided into tectonic plates.
Asthenosphere (weak): The physical layer of Earth that is part of the mantle that is made of solid rock that moves slowly. Tectonic plates move on top of this layer.

12. Physical layers of the Earth
Mesosphere (middle) : The physical layer of Earth that is the lower part of the mantle. Rock in this layer flows more slowly than in the asthenosphere.
Outer core: The physical layer of Earth that is liquid. It lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core.
Inner core: The physical layer of Earth that is the dense, solid center. It is about 6380 km beneath Earth's surface.