1. Importance of Religion

2. 1. Book of the Dead

4. 2. Pyramids/Temples

6. 3. Artwork

8. 4. Careful Burial Preparation

10. Mummification Purpose- to preserve the body for the afterlife
Process- (see slides)
Results- a mummy

11. Embalming the body
First, his body is taken to the tent known as 'ibu' or the 'place of purification'. There the embalmers wash his body with good-smelling palm wine and rinse it with water from the Nile.
One of the embalmer's men makes a cut in the left side of the body and removes many of the internal organs. It is important to remove these because they are the first part of the body to decompose. The liver, lungs, stomach and intestines are washed and packed in natron which will dry them out. The heart is not taken out of the body because it is the centre of intelligence and feeling and the man will need it in the afterlife.
A long hook is used to smash the brain and pull it out through the nose.

12. The body is now covered and stuffed with natron which will dry it out
The body is now covered and stuffed with natron which will dry it out. All of the fluids, and rags from the embalming process will be saved and buried along with the body.
After forty days the body is washed again with water from the Nile. Then it is covered with oils to help the skin stay elastic. The dehydrated internal organs are wrapped in linen and returned to the body. The body is stuffed with dry materials such as sawdust, leaves and linen so that it looks lifelike

14. Materials used in mummification:
linen
sawdust
lichen
beeswax
resin
natron
onion
Nile mud
linen pads
frankincense

15. Mummification tools: Brain hooks Oil jar Funnel Embalmer's knife

16. Burial Tombs

17. Monotheism vs. Polytheism

18. Division of Ancient Egypt
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom

19. Old Kingdom
3100 BC BC
Begins with the unification of upper and lower Egypt under King Menes

20. Creates capital at Memphis

21. Scenes Near Memphis

22. The Old Kingdom is the time of the Pyramids

23. Valley of the Kings

24. The Old Kingdom ends with Civil War

25. The Middle Kingdom: 2060 BC- 1730 BC
Reunited under the Princes of Thebes (show book)
Time of engineering marvels
Canal built to connect the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea
Huge irrigation projects completed
Highpoint of Egyptian Literature
Trade Expands

26. The Middle Kingdom Ends With the Invasion of the Hyksos
Hyksos thought to be an invading Asian group
Ruled Egypt for about 160 years
Brought with them new ideas and tech-nology (fight on horseback; use a chariot)
Little is known about them because eventually the Egyptians overthrew the Hyksos and destroyed any reference to them

27. The New Kingdom: 1570-1100 BC Was a time of Empire Building (why??)
Egypt build large armies and war fleets
Conquered large areas such as Palestine, Phonecia, Syria, Nubia, etc. (why- buffer zones)
Rulers began to build large statues of themselves and temples (ie Temple of Karnack

28. Temple of Karnack

29. New Kingdom Declines Declines around 1100 BC
Does not become independent again until the 20th century