1. DEBATE ROLES & STRUCTURE

2. Types of debates Lincoln-Douglas Debate World Schools Debate
American Parliamentary Debate
American Public Forum
Lincoln Douglas –

3. ROLES 1st Affirmative/Negative = Constructive
2nd Affirmative/Negative = Refute
3rd Affirmative/Negative = Rebuttal

4. STRUCTURE
1. First Affirmative constructive 3. Second Affirmative Constructive (Refute) 5. Rebuttal
2. First Negative constructive 4. Second Negative Constructive (Refute) 6. Rebuttal

5. 1st CONSTRUCTIVE STRUCTURE
**Present the strongest case and expand the debate
Introduction (Grabber & Resolution)
Philosophy (Team’s Belief)
Problem w/ Evidence
Obstacles
Brief summary – conclusion on case
**Take away the offensive
Introduction (Grabber & Counter-claim)
Evidence
Brief summary – conclusion on case

6. AFFRIMATIVE INTRODUCTION In Maher v
AFFRIMATIVE INTRODUCTION In Maher v. Roe, the supreme court ruled, “the right of procreation without state interference has long been recognized as one of the basic civil rights of man fundamental to the very existence and survival of the race.” Because I agree with the Court’s ruling that couples must be allowed to establish families without government interference, I affirm the resolution that paid surrogacy ought to be legal.

7. NEGATIVE INTRODUCTION The journalist, Ellen Good man, recently wrote in the Boston Globe: “it is fair to ask about the moral limits of commerce . . We impose limits on our medical commerce. . .we cannot sell a kidney. We should not be able to sell a pregnancy.” Because I agree with Ms. Goodman that it is morally unacceptable to place pregnancy on the market, I negate the resolution and stand resolved that paid surrogacy ought not be legal.

8. 2nd Constructive (REFUTE)
NEGATIVE
Return to the 1st constructive
Refute the affirmative’s points
Provide additional evidence to strengthen the negative’s case.
AFFIRMATIVE
Uphold the affirmative burden of proof
Refute the negative’s points
Provide additional evidence to strengthen case

9. 3rd CONSTRUCTIVE (REBUTTAL/CLOSING)
AFFIRMATIVE
Return to the affirmative’s case.
Refute the negative’s objections.
Center on three major arguments which the case depends.
Summarize and conclude, calling for a acceptance of their proposition.
NEGATIVE
Re-establish the negative’s objections
Re-attack the affirmative’s rationale.
Summarize and conclude, calling for a rejection of the proposition.

10. Basic Refutation format
ATTACKING:
State the opponent’s argument
Explain why the argument is flawed
Explain HOW the flawed argument weakens the opponents position.
RESPONDING
State your argument that was attacked
State your opponent’s attack on the argument
Explain why the attack is flawed.
Explainwhat impact the argument has on your position.