1. Programming
COMP104: Fundamentals and Methodology
Introduction

2. Objectives How to solve a problem (by computer)
fundamental problem solving techniques
How to design an algorithm
algorithm design
How to write a program in C++
implementation

3. Course description Introduction
C++ basics for Structured (or procedural) Programming
Sequential (assignments)
Branching (if statement)
Looping (while-do statement)
Arrays and algorithms
Functions (local/global, value/ref), recursion
Files
Pointers and dynamic objects
Linked lists
Introduction to OOP (Object Oriented Programming)
Classes, objects
Abstract data types
static
mid-term
dynamic

4. What can you do after this course?
Program the computer in applications such as the following:
Program a simple calculator
Program simple computer games
Program a simple text editor
Program a small inventory system for a small company …
You will be ready to take on part-time programming jobs during Xmas break!

5. Course organization No any prerequisite for comp104!
Lectures (3 h) (office 3506,
Tutorials (1 h)
Not compulsary
Labs (2 h)
Compulsary! See lab policy.
Assignments (homework, 3 projects)
But it’s a prerequisite for most of CS courses!
Textbook: Programming in C++: Lessons and Applications, by Timothy B. D’Orazio

6. A typical weekly schedule
Tu Thur Lectures
Sat. Next lab posted on web
Mon-Fri Lab session
(students encouraged to demo program by end of lab)
Sat. midnight Deadline for lab by CASS
Course webpage: course.cse.ust.hk/comp104/Password_Only
Print out ‘ppt’ with ‘handouts’ option!!!
Newsgroup, Facebook?
Eclipse tutorial
SVG tutorial

7. Grading Mark weighting Labs (10%) Assignments (25%)
Midterm exam (25%), 6th week,
9th October, Sat. 1-3pm
Final exam (40%), Dec.

8. Introduction to Computer Systems
Hardware
Software

9. Hardware

10. CPU - central processing unit
Makes decisions, performs computations,
and delegates input/output requests
Memory: Stores information
Main memory: RAM, e.g. 256 MB RAM
Secondary memory: hard disk, e.g. 20GB
Input devices
Gets information from the user to the computer
Output devices
Sends information
from computer to the user

11. What is a program? Work Worker Product Instructions Work Computer
A computer program performs a specific task, and may interact with the user and the computer hardware.
Human work model:
Computer work model:
Work
Worker
Product
Instructions
High-level lang., easy
Low-level, hard
Work
Computer
Product
Program
A program is a set of instructions

12. What is a (programming) language?
A sequence of instructions
A program
(in computer language)
An algorthm
(in human language)
A program needs to be written in a language
There are many programming languages
Low-level, understandable by a computer
High-level, needs a translator!
C++ is a high level programming language
High-level lang., easy
Low-level, hard

13. An example:
Machine binary language
Low-level assembly
High-level

14. Levels of programming language
Machine binary language: unintelligible
Low-level assembly language
Mnemonic names for machine operations
Explicit manipulation of memory addresses
Machine-dependent
High-level language
Readable
Machine-independent

15. How to translate?
A program written in high-level programming language (for example, C++ program)
COMPILER (for example, Visual C++)
A low-level (machine language) program that is understandable by a computer (for example, a PC)
Examples of compilers:
Microsoft Visual C++, Eclipse, g++

16. What is a software? The set of all programs or a set of programs
Application software
Programs designed to perform specific tasks and are easy to use
System software
Programs that support the execution and development of other programs
Two major types
Operating systems
Translation systems (compilers & linkers)

17. Common application software:
Microsoft Word, WordPerfect
PowerPoint
Netscape, IE
PhotoShop, Photo-Paint
Quick Time
Operating System (OS)
Windows (DOS, NT, XP, …), Unix (Linux, Solaris, …)

18. We teach C++, Why? C++ is one of the most popular languages 
C++ (originally C)
Basic, Pascal, Java, Perl, Cobol, Scheme, Lisp, Smalltalk, Ada, …
C++ is portable (runs on PC, Machintosh, Unix, Mainframes …)
C++ is widely used in industries (almost by everyone) 
C++ is not easy to learn 
The most common versions of C++:
Microsoft Visual C++
Eclipse
g++ (for Unix machines)
C++ C

19. Programming or Software Development
Editing (to write the program)
Compiling (creates .obj file)
Linking with compiled files (creates .exe file)
Object files
Library modules
Loading and executing
Testing the program
debug

20. Integrated Development Environments (IDE)
Combine all of the capabilities that a programmer would want while developing software (VC++, Eclipse)
Editor
Compiler
Linker
Loader
Debugger
Viewer
builder

21. Summary 