1. Seven Skills of Crew Resource Management

2. Seven Skills of CRM Mission / Flight Analysis Assertiveness
Decision Making
Communication
Leadership
Adaptability and Flexibility
Situational Awareness

3. Mission / Flight Analysis
What is Mission / Flight Analysis?
Phases of Mission / Flight Analysis
Preflight
In-flight
Post flight
Preflight Analysis
Planning
Preparation
Briefing

4. Mission / Flight Analysis
In-Flight Mission Analysis
Short-term Planning
Monitoring Mission Progress
Identifying and Reporting Challenges or Changes
Post Mission Analysis
Selective Review
Interactive
Timely

5. Assertiveness What is Assertiveness? Comfort Level Behavior Continuum
Barriers to Assertiveness
Position of Authority
Experience
Rank
Lack of Confidence
Fear of Reprisal
Do you think the CAP student pilot was comfortable with the instructor pilots decision to take off from the taxiway?
The student was seriously injured – but lived. The instructor pilot died.

6. Decision Making What is Decision Making? Assessing the Problem
Verifying Information
Identifying Solutions
Anticipating Consequences of Decisions
Informing Others of Decision and Rationale
Evaluation Decisions

7. You don’t need audio to hear what our pilot is saying.
Communication
What is Communication?
Types of Communication
Verbal (Involves words)
Non-Verbal (Everything but words)
Process of Communication
Sender’s Responsibility
Communicate in the Appropriate Mode
Verbal versus Non-Verbal
Convey Information Accurately and Concisely
Provide Information at the Appropriate Time
Request Verification or Feedback
You don’t need audio to hear what our pilot is saying.

8. Communication Receivers Responsibility Actively Listen
Active verses Passive Role
Take Action as a Result of Communication
Answer or Respond to Communication
Ask for Clarification of Unclear Communication
The PIC in the right seat allowed the pilot-qualified scanner in the left seat to fly the search. The pilot thought he saw something and wanted another look. The PIC told him to turn right (away from terrain). He turned left and crashed. Two dead and one seriously burned.

9. Communication Barriers to Communication Noise Rank or Experience
Task Overload
Gender
Attitude
Culture
Actively Listen
Active verses Passive Role
Take Action as a Result of Communication
Answer or Respond to Communication
Ask for Clarification of Unclear Communication
What Barriers to communication could have contributed to this accident?

10. Leadership What is Leadership Types of Leadership
Designated Leadership
Responsible
Makes Final Decision
Normal Mode of Leadership
Functional Leadership
Leadership by Knowledge or Expertise
Occurs When the Need Arises

11. Adaptability & Flexibility
What is Adaptability and Flexibility?
Situations That Require Quick Action
When Un-briefed Situations Arise
When a Routine Mission Becomes an Emergency
When Transitions Occur
When a Crew Member is Incapacitated
When Interactions Are Strained

12. Adaptability & Flexibility
Maintaining Adaptability and Flexibility
Anticipate Problems
Recognize and Acknowledge any Changes
Offer Alternative Solutions
Provide and Ask for Assistance
Interact Constructively with Others
This cadet orientation pilot allowed the air traffic situation to rush his take off and climb. He stalled and spun on his turn to crosswind leg.
1 senior member & 2 cadets dead.

13. Situational Awareness
What is Situational Awareness?
Perception Versus Reality
View of the Situation
Incoming Information
Expectations and Biases
Incoming Information Versus Expectations

14. Situational Awareness
Factors That Reduce Situational Awareness
Insufficient Communication
Fatigue / Stress
Task Overload
Task Under Load
Press On Regardless Philosophy
This CAP pilot was turned down by several flight release officers for a return flight from a SAR/EX because the mountain wave turbulence had been reported by several pilots to be bad. He finally found a flight release officer to release him and his non-pilot passenger. His airplane never made it over the ridge. Two dead.

15. The End