1. Chapter 5
Special Senses: The Eye and Ear

2. The Eye at a Glance Function of the Eye
Contains sensory receptors for vision

3. The Eye at a Glance Structures of the Eye Sclera Choroid Retina
Eyeball
Conjunctiva
Eye muscles
Eyelids
Lacrimal apparatus

4. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

5. Eye Combining Forms ambly/o dull or dim aque/o water blephar/o eyelid
chrom/o color
conjunctiv/o conjunctiva
core/o pupil
corne/o cornea

6. Eye Combining Forms cycl/o ciliary muscle dacry/o tear; tear duct
dipl/o double
glauc/o gray
ir/o iris
irid/o iris
kerat/o cornea

7. Eye Combining Forms lacrim/o tears ocul/o eye ophthalm/o eye
opt/o eye, vision
optic/o eye
nyctal/o night
papill/o optic disk
phac/o lens

8. Eye Combining Forms phot/o light presby/o old age pupill/o pupil
retin/o retina
scler/o sclera
uve/o vascular
vitre/o glassy

9. Eye Suffixes
–metrist one who measures
–opia vision
–tropia to turn

10. Anatomy and Physiology
Ophthalmology (Ophth) is study of the eye
Eyeball
Organ of sight
Transmits external image using sensory impulses via optic nerve to brain
Brain translates sensory impulses into image

11. Anatomy and Physiology
External structures important for vision
In addition to eyeball
Eye muscles
Eyelids
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal apparatus

12. Click here to view an animation on the anatomy of the eye.
Eye Anatomy Animation
Click here to view an animation on the anatomy of the eye.
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13. The Eyeball
Composed of three layers:
Sclera
Choroid
Retina

14. Sclera Outermost layer Tough protective layer
Another term for sclera is white of eye
Anterior portion is cornea

15. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

16. Cornea Anterior portion of sclera Clear, transparent
Allows light to enter
Bends, or refracts, light rays

17. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

18. Choroid Middle layer Provides blood supply for eye Anterior portion:
Iris
Pupil
Ciliary body

19. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

20. Iris and Pupil Iris Pupil Colored portion of eye
Smooth muscle that changes size of pupil
Pupil
Opening in center of iris
Allows light to enter into eyeball

21. Ciliary Body and Lens Lens Ciliary body Behind iris
Not actually part of choroid layer
Attached to ciliary body
Ciliary body
Pulls on edge of lens
Changes shape of lens so it can focus light onto retina

22. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

23. Retina Contains sensory receptor cells that detect light rays Rods
Active in dim light
See gray tones
Cones
Active only in bright light
Color vision

24. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

25. Retina Macula lutea Fovea centralis Area of retina where image forms
Depression in center of macula lutea
High number of cones
Point of clearest vision

26. Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.1 – The internal structures of the eye.

27. Optic Disk Point where the optic nerve leaves eyeball
Retinal blood vessels enter and leave through optic disk
No rods or cones
Results in blind spot in each eye’s field of vision

28. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.2 – Photograph of the retina of the eye. The optic disk appears yellow and the retinal arteries radiate out from it.

29. Eye Fluids Aqueous humor Vitreous humor Watery fluid
Located between cornea and lens
Vitreous humor
Semi-solid gel
Located between lens and retina

30. Word Building with blephar/o and conjunctiv/o
–itis
blepharitis
inflammation of eyelid
–plasty
blepharoplasty
surgical repair of eyelid
–ptosis
blepharoptosis
drooping eyelid
–ectomy
blepharectomy
removal of eyelid
–al
conjunctival
pertaining to conjunctiva
–itis
conjunctivitis
inflammation of conjunctiva
–plasty
conjunctivoplasty
surgical repair of conjunctiva

31. Word Building with corne/o, cycl/o & dacry/o
–al
corneal
pertaining to cornea
–plegia
cycloplegia
paralysis of ciliary body
cyst/o
–itis
dacryocystitis
inflammation of tear bladder

32. Word Building with dipl/o, ir/o & irid/o
–opia
diplopia
double vision
–itis
iritis
inflammation of iris
–al
iridal
pertaining to iris
–ectomy
iridectomy
removal of iris
–plegia
iridoplegia
paralysis of iris
scler/o
–otomy
iridosclerotomy
incision into iris and sclera

33. Word Building with kerat/o, lacrim/o & ocul/o
–itis
keratitis
inflammation of cornea
–meter
keratometer
instrument to measure cornea
–otomy
keratotomy
incision into cornea
–al
lacrimal
pertaining to tears
–ar
ocular
pertaining to eye
intra– –ar
intraocular
pertaining to inside eye
myc/o
–osis
oculomycosis
abnormal condition of eye fungus

34. Word Building with ophthalm/o
–algia
ophthalmalgia
eye pain
–ic
ophthalmic
pertaining to eye
–logist
ophthalmologist
eye specialist
–plegia
ophthalmoplegia
eye weakness
–rrhagia
ophthalmorrhagia
rapid bleeding from eye
–scope
ophthalmoscope
instrument to view inside eye

35. Word Building with opt/o, pupill/o & retin/o
–ic
optic
pertaining to eye
–meter
optometer
instrument to measure eye
–metrist
optometrist
one who measures eye
–ary
pupillary
pertaining to pupil
–al
retinal
pertaining to retina
–pathy
retinopathy
retina disease
–pexy
retinopexy
surgical fixation of retina

36. Word Building with scler/o and uve/o
–al
scleral
pertaining to sclera
–malacia
scleromalacia
sclera softening
–otomy
sclerotomy
incision into sclera
–itis
scleritis
inflammation of sclera
–itis
uveitis
inflammation of choroid

37. Eye Vocabulary emmetropia state of normal vision legally blind
severely impaired vision; having 20/200 acuity
nyctalopia
difficulty seeing in dim light; also called night blindness
ophthalmology
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye
optician
specialist in grinding corrective lenses

38. Eye Vocabulary optometry
specializing in examining eyes, testing vision, and prescribing corrective lenses
papilledema
swelling of the optic disk; also called choked disk
photophobia
strong sensitivity to bright light
presbyopia
visual loss due to old age
xerophthalmia
dry eyes

39. Eyeball Pathology achromatopsia
unable to perceive one or more colors; color blindness
monochromatism
unable to perceive one specific color
amblyopia
loss of vision not as a result of eye pathology; commonly called lazy eye
corneal abrasion
scraping injury to cornea

40. Eyeball Pathology
astigmatism
blurred vision due to uneven cornea; light rays do not focus sharply on retina
hyperopia
image comes into focus behind retina; can see clearly at a distance but not up close; also called far sightedness
myopia
image comes into focus in front of retina; can see clearly up close but not at a distance; also called nearsightedness

41. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.9 – Hyperopia (farsightedness). In the uncorrected top figure, the image would come into focus behind the retina, making the image on the retina blurry. The bottom image shows how a biconvex lens corrects this condition.

42. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – Myopia (nearsightedness). In the uncorrected top figure, the image comes into focus in front of the lens, making the image on the retina blurry. The bottom image shows how a biconcave lens corrects this condition.

43. Eyeball Pathology cataract damage to lens causing it to become cloudy
glaucoma
chronic increase in intraocular pressure; results in atrophy of optic nerve
macular degeneration
deterioration of macula lutea area of retina

44. Figure 13.8 – Photograph of a person with a cataract in the right eye.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.8 – Photograph of a person with a cataract in the right eye.

45. Eyeball Pathology
retinal detachment
separation of retina from choroid layer; damages blood vessels and nerves causing blindness
retinitis pigmentosa
progressive disease in which retina becomes hard and pigmented, then atrophies
retinoblastoma
malignant eye tumor occurring in young children

46. Conjunctiva Pathology
pterygium
hypertrophied conjunctival tissue in inner corner of eye
trachoma
chronic bacterial infection of conjunctiva

47. Eyelid Pathology
hordeolum
purulent infection of sebaceous gland of eyelid; also called a stye (or sty)

48. Eye Muscle Pathology strabismus
eye muscle weakness resulting in eyes looking in different directions at same time
esotropia (ST)
type of strabismus with inward turning of eye; also called cross-eyed
exotropia (XT)
type of strabismus with outward turning of eye; also called wall-eyed

49. (Bart's Medical Library/Phototake NYC)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 13.4 – Photograph of an infant with strabismus. The left eye is turned inward, called esotropia.
(Bart's Medical Library/Phototake NYC)

50. Brain-related Vision Pathology
hemianopia
loss of vision in half of visual field; often result of a stroke
nystagmus
jerky involuntary eye movements; indicator of brain injury

51. Eye Examination Tests color vision tests
use of multicolored charts to determine ability to recognize colors
fluorescein angiography
injection of fluorescein dye into bloodstream to observe blood flow within eye
fluorescein staining
applying fluorescein eye drops to cornea to look for corneal abrasions

52. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – An example of color blindness test. A person with red-green color blindness would not be able to distinguish the green 27 from the surrounding red circles.

53. Eye Examination Tests keratometry measures curvature of cornea
ophthalmoscopy
examination of interior of eye
refractive error test
vision test for defect in ability of eye to focus image on retina; tests for hyperopia and myopia
slit lamp microscopy
examining posterior surface of cornea

54. Eye Examination Tests Snellen chart used for testing distance vision
tonometry
measures intraocular pressure
visual acuity (VA)
measures sharpness of vision

55. Surgical Treatments cryoextraction
use of extremely cold probe to lift cataract from lens
phacoemulsification
use of high-frequency sound waves to liquefy lens with a cataract which is then removed with a needle
keratoplasty
surgical repair of cornea with a cornea transplant
enucleation
surgical removal of eyeball

56. Surgical Treatments laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK)
correction of myopia using laser surgery to remove corneal tissue
photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
use of laser to reshape cornea; treats myopia
radial keratotomy (RK)
spoke-like incision around cornea to flatten it; treats myopia

57. Surgical Treatments cryoretinopexy
surgical fixation of retina using extreme cold
laser photocoagulation
use of laser to destroy very small precise areas of retina
scleral buckling
placing band around outside of sclera to stabilize detached retina
strabotomy
incision into eye muscles to correct strabismus

58. Eye Pharmacology anesthetic ophthalmic solution
eyedrops to deaden pain
Ocu-Caine, Pontocaine
antibiotic ophthalmic solution
eyedrops to treat bacterial infection
Del-Mycin, Ilotycin
ophthalmic decongestant
constricts arterioles of eye to reduce redness and itching
Visine, Murine

59. Eye Pharmacology antiglaucoma medication reduces intraocular pressure
Betimol, Timoptic
artificial tears
treats dry eyes
Akwa Tears, Refresh Plus
miotic
constricts pupil
Eserine Sulfate, Miostat
mydriatic
dilates pupil
Atropine-Care, Atropisol Ophtalmic

60. Eye Abbreviations ARMD age-related macular degeneration Astigm
astigmatism
c. gl.
correction with glasses D
diopters (lens strength)
DVA
distance visual acuity
ECCE
extracapsular cataract extraction
EENT
eye, ear, nose, throat

61. Eye Abbreviations EM emmetropia EOM extraocular movement ICCE
intracapsular cataract extraction
IOP
intraocular pressure
LASIK
laser assisted in-situ keratomileusis OD
right eye
Ophth.
ophthalmology

62. Eye Abbreviations OS left eye OU each eye/both eyes PERRLA
pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
PRK
photorefractive keratectomy
REM
rapid eye movement
s. gl.
without correction or glasses
SMD
senile macular degeneration

63. Eye Abbreviations ST esotropia VA visual acuity VF visual field XT
exotropia

64. The Ear at a Glance Function of the Ear
Contains sensory receptors for hearing and equilibrium (balance)

65. The Ear at a Glance Structures of the Ear Auricle External ear
Middle ear
Inner ear

66. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

67. Ear Combining Forms acous/o hearing audi/o hearing audit/o hearing
aur/o ear
auricul/o ear
cerumin/o cerumen

68. Ear Combining Forms cochle/o cochlea labyrinth/o labyrinth (inner ear)
myring/o eardrum
ot/o ear
salping/o eustachian tube
staped/o stapes
tympan/o eardrum, middle ear

69. Ear Suffixes
–cusis hearing
–otia ear condition

70. Anatomy and Physiology
Otology (Oto) is study of the ear
Audiology is study of hearing disorders
Ear responsible for two senses:
Hearing
Equilibrium or sense of balance
Sensory information carried to brain by vestibulocochlear nerve
Cochlear nerve – hearing information
Vestibular nerve – balance information

71. The Ear Ear is subdivided into three regions: External ear Middle ear
Inner ear

72. External Ear Auricle or pinna Only portion visible
Captures sound waves
Directs them through external auditory meatus

73. External Ear Auditory canal Cerumen Sound moves along canal
Produced by oil glands in auditory canal
Oily wax slowly flows out of ear canal removing dirt that has stuck to it

74. External Ear Tympanic membrane
Commonly called eardrum
Sound waves strike membrane
Causes it to vibrate
Tympanic membrane separates external ear from middle ear

75. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – The internal structures of the outer, middle, and inner ear.

76. The Middle Ear Small cavity Located in temporal bone of skull
Contains three tiny bones called ossicles
Malleus
Incus
Stapes

77. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – The internal structures of the outer, middle, and inner ear.

78. Ossicles Tympanic membrane vibrates incus
Vibrations amplify as they move from one ossicle to next
Stapes transmits vibration to oval window
Start of inner ear

79. Figure 13.15 – Close-up view of the ossicles within the middle ear.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – Close-up view of the ossicles within the middle ear.

80. Eustachian Tube Also called auditory tube
Connects nasopharynx with middle ear
Opens with each swallow
Equalizes pressure between middle ear cavity and atmospheric pressure

81. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – The internal structures of the outer, middle, and inner ear.

82. The Inner Ear Labyrinth Contains sensory organs
Cavity within temporal bone
Houses inner ear
Contains sensory organs

83. Sensory Organs of Inner Ear
Hearing
Cochlea
Organs of Corti
Equilibrium
Semicircular canals
Utricle
Saccule

84. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – The internal structures of the outer, middle, and inner ear.

85. How We Hear
Sound waves travel down external auditory canal, strike eardrum
Eardrum vibrates

86. How We Hear
Ossicles conduct vibrations across middle ear from eardrum to oval window
Oval window movements initiate vibrations in fluid that fills cochlea

87. How We Hear
Fluid vibrations strike hair cells, bending small hairs and stimulating nerve endings
Nerve ending sends electrical impulse to brain on cochlear portion of vestibulocochlear nerve

88. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – The path of sound waves through the outer, middle, and inner ear.

89. Inner Ear Anatomy Animation
Click here to view an animation on inner ear anatomy.
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90. Hearing Loss Conductive hearing loss
Disease or malformation of outer or middle ear
All sound is weaker and muffled since it is not conducted correctly to inner ear
Sensorineural hearing loss
Damage or malformation of inner ear (cochlea) or the cochlear nerve
Sounds are distorted because nerve impulse is incorrect

91. Word Building with acous/o, audi/o & audit/o
–tic
acoustic
pertaining to hearing
–gram
audiogram
record of hearing
–meter
audiometer
instrument to measure hearing
–logist
audiologist
hearing specialist
–ory
auditory
pertaining to hearing

92. Word Building with aur/o, auricul/o, cochle/o and salping/o
aural
pertaining to ear
–ar
auricular
pertaining to ear
–ar
cochlear
pertaining to cochlea
–itis
salpingitis
inflammation of eustachian tube
–otomy
salpingotomy
incision into eustachian tube

93. Word Building with labyrinth/o & myring/o
–ectomy
labyrinthectomy
removal of labyrinth
–otomy
labyrinthotomy
incision into labyrinth
–itis
myringitis
inflammation of eardrum
–ectomy
myringectomy
removal of eardrum
–plasty
myringoplasty
surgical repair of eardrum

94. Word Building with ot/o
–algia
otalgia
ear pain
–ic
otic
pertaining to ear
–itis
otitis
inflammation of ear
–logist
otologist
ear specialist
–rrhagia
otorrhagia
bleeding from ear

95. Word Building with ot/o
–scope
otoscope
instrument to view ear
–plasty
otoplasty
surgical repair of ear
myc/o
–osis
otomycosis
abnormal condition of ear fungus
py/o
–rrhea
otopyorrhea
discharge of pus from ear

96. Word Building with tympan/o
–ic
tympanic
pertaining to eardrum
–itis
tympanitis
inflammation of eardrum
–meter
tympanometer
instrument to measure eardrum
–plasty
tympanoplasty
surgical repair of eardrum
–rrhexis
tympanorrhexis
ruptured eardrum
–otomy
tympanotomy
incision into eardrum
–ectomy
tympanectomy
removal of eardrum

97. Word Building with –otia
macro–
macrotia
large ears
micro–
microtia
small ears

98. Ear Vocabulary American Sign Language (ASL)
nonverbal method of communicating using hands and fingers to represent words and concepts
binaural
referring to both ears
monaural
referring to one ear
decibel (dB)
measures loudness of sound
hertz (Hz)
measures pitch of sound

99. Ear Vocabulary otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
diagnosis and treatment of diseases of ear, nose, and throat
presbycusis
normal loss of hearing with age
residual hearing
amount of hearing remaining after damage has occurred
tinnitus
ringing in ears
vertigo
dizziness

100. Hearing Loss Pathology
anacusis
total absence of hearing; total deafness
deafness
inability to hear or having some degree of hearing impairment

101. External Ear Pathology
ceruminoma
excessive accumulation of earwax forming hard wax plug
otitis externa (OE)
external ear infection; often by fungus; also called otomycosis or swimmer’s ear

102. Middle Ear Pathology
otitis media (OM)
infection of middle ear; most commonly seen in children; watery fluid (serous otitis media) or pus (purulent otitis media) accumulates in middle ear cavity
otosclerosis
loss of mobility of stapes bone; leads to hearing loss as it cannot vibrate

103. Inner Ear Pathology acoustic neuroma
benign tumor of cochlear nerve; symptoms include tinnitus, headache, dizziness, and hearing loss
labyrinthitis
inner ear infection; causes hearing and equilibrium symptoms
Ménière’s disease
progressive hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus; causes not well understood

104. Audiology Tests
audiometry
test of hearing ability in regards to both intensity and pitch person is able to hear
Rinne & Weber tuning fork tests
use of a tuning fork placed either next to ear or against skull to assess both nerve and bone conduction of sound

105. Otology Tests otoscopy examination of ear canal and eardrum
tympanometry
measurement of movement of tympanic membrane to asses pressure inside middle ear

106. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure – An otoscope, used to visually examine the external auditory ear canal and tympanic membrane.

107. Balance Tests
falling test
assesses equilibrium; balancing on one foot with eyes open and then closed

108. Audiology Procedures mechanical device used to amplify sound
hearing aid
mechanical device used to amplify sound

109. Surgical Treatments cochlear implant
mechanical device surgically placed behind outer ear; converts sound into magnetic impulses to stimulate auditory nerve; treats sensorineural hearing loss
myringotomy
incision into eardrum to drain fluid accumulated in middle ear cavity
pressure equalizing tube (PE tube)
surgical placement of tube in eardrum to allow for continuous drainage of fluid from middle ear cavity
stapedectomy
replacement of damaged stapes

110. Ear Pharmacology antibiotic otic solution
eardrops to treat otitis externa
Neomycin, Otocort
antiemetics
treats nausea associated with vertigo
Antivert, Compazine
anti-inflammatory otic solution
reduces inflammation and itching of otitis externa
Allergan Ear Drops
wax emulsifiers
softens ear wax
Debrox Drops

111. Ear Abbreviations AD right ear AS left ear ASL American Sign LanguageAU
both ears BC
bone conduction dB
decibel
EENT
eye, ear, nose, throat
ENT
ear, nose, throat

112. Ear Abbreviations HEENT head, eyes, ears, nose, throat Hz hertz OM
otitis media
Oto
otology
PE tube
pressure equalizing tube
PORP
partial ossicular replacement prosthesis
SOM
serous otitis media
TORP
total ossicular replacement prosthesis