1. Haydn’s The Creation

38. During the Scientific Revolution
Advances in Astronomy
During the Scientific Revolution

39. Constellations
Ptolemy’s Drawing of the Universe
Classical Greeks

40. Nicholas Copernicus Polish 1473-1543 Founder of modern astronomy
Celestial observations
No instrument

41. Ptolemy vs. Copernicus

42. Heliocentric Theory of the Universe

44. 1572
Discovers a supernova in constellation Cassiopeia
Tycho Brahe

45. Hans Lippershey Netherlands 1608
Spectacles maker invents the telescope

46. Galileo Galilei 1564-1641 Italy
In 1609 he uses the telescope for astronomical purposes

47. Discovers 4 of Jupiter’s Moons

48. Studied Moon’s Craters

49. Saturn’s Rings

50. Milky Way & Universe

51. Inquisition
1633
Pope Urban VIII put Galileo on trial

52. Galileo’s Impact Application of mathematics to the study of motion
Focus not on why but how
Observation & measurement: time, distance, acceleration
Uncovered the fundamental relationship between distance and time

53. “Philosophy is written in this grand book the universe, but one cannot understand unless one first learns to comprehend the language (mathematics).”

54. Johannes Kepler 1571-1630 German astronomer
Known for his laws of planetary motion

55. Law 1: Orbits are Elliptical

56. Law 2: Speed of Planets
It takes a planet the same amount of time to go from A to B as it does from C to D = the closer they are to the sun the faster planets move.

57. The square of any planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of its mean distance from the sun
Law 3: P2 = A3