1. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

2. DIC
Clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by widespread intravascular fibrin formation in response to excessive blood protease activity that overcomes the natural anticoagulant mechanism
Leads to the consumption of procoagulants and platelets

3. Common Clinical Causes of DIC
Sepsis
Trauma and tissue injury
Vascular disorders
*Obstetric complications
Cancer
*Bacterial (staph, strep, pneumococci, gram (-) bacilli
Viral
Mycotic
Parasitic
Rickettsial
Brain injury (gun shot)
Extensive burns
Fat embolism
rhabdomyolysis
Giant hemangiomas (Kasabach-Merrit syndrome)
Large vessel aneurysm (aorta)
Abruptio placentae
Amniotic fluid embolism
Dead fetus syndrome
Septic abortion
Adenocarcino-ma ( prostate, pancreas)
Hematologic malignancies *(Acute promyelocytic anemia)
* Most common causes of DIC

4. Common Clinical Causes of DIC
Immunologic disorders
Drugs
Envenomation
Liver disease
miscellaneous
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Organ or tissue transplant rejection
Graft-versus-host disease
Fibrinolytic agents
Aprotinin
Warfarin (esp. in neonates w/ protein C deficiency)
Prothrombin complex concentrates
Recreational drugs (amphetamine)
Snakes
Insects
Fulminant hepatic failure
Cirrhosis
Fatty liver of pregnancy
Shock
Respiratory distress syndrome
Massive transfusion