1. CHAPTER 22 Psychological Treatment
Zhang Lei
SIR RUN RUN SHAW HOSPITAL
Good afternoon, everyone! Let’s begin from questions: what is psychological treatments? Which psychotherapy is the most effective? How psychotherapy help the patients? To answer these questions, we must learn this chapter. Could you understand me?

3. Questions: What is psychotherapy? What are its goals?
How do people change in therapy?
What happens during psychotherapy?
How would a psychotherapist work?
… …

4. Defining Psychotherapy
Talking cure
Using communication to promote change
To increase well-being, to access latent potentials
Relationship: therapist＆patient

5. Classification of psychological treatments
Technique
Psychodynamic
Cognitive behavioral
other: systems theory
Number of patients
Individual therapy
Couple therapy
Family therapy
Small and large group therapy
End: there are more similarity than difference

6. Psychological treatments considered in this chapter
CBT
Individual dynamic psychotherapies
Counseling
Crisis intervention
Supportive psychotherapy
Historical treatments
Meditation and traditional healing
Small-group psychotherapy
Large-group psychotherapy
Psychotherapy with couples
Family therapy
Psychotherapy for children and older people

7. How psychological treatments developed
Hypnosis and free association: 1895,1923
Classical dynamic psychotherapy: 1889
The neo-Freudians: 1930s
Object relation theory
Attachment theory
Brief psychodynamic therapy
Behaviour therapy: 1920s
Cognitive therapy
Cognitive-behaviour therapy
The use of psychological healing is as old as the practice of medicine. However, in the history of psychiatry ,psychological treatment can be said to start in the nineteenth century with developments in hypnosis.

8. Common factors in psychological treatment
Therapeutic relationship
Listening
Release of emotion
Restoration of morale
Providing information
Providing a rationale
Advice and guidance
Suggestion

9. Psychodynamic therapy
First: driven by inner force, the sources of illness
help recognize
free-association, analysis of dreams

10. Cognitive behaviour therapy
General features:
The patient is an active partner
ABC approach
Ways of thinking
Investigation
Homework
Structured
Monitoring progress
Treatment manuals

11. Cognitive behaviour therapy
Assessment for Cognitive behaviour therapy
Describe each problem of behaviour, thoughts and emotions
Where it occurs
Common prior events
The patient’s response to the events
What follows the problem
Factors making the problem better or worse
Maintaining factors

12. Cognitive behaviour therapy
Behavioural techniques: 16 types
relaxation training, exposure, desensitization, flooding, exposure in everyday practice, exposure with response prevention, social skill training……
Cognitive techniques
Distration, neutralizing, challenging beliefs

13. CBT for different mental disorders
Anxiety disorders
Panic disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Depressive disorders
Hypochondriasis
Personality disorder

14. Treatment in groups Small group psychotherapy Therapeutic groups
Large-group therapy

15. Psychotherapy with couples and families
Couple therapy
Psychodynamic
Systems approaches
Cognitive behvioural
Behavioural-systems
Family therapy
Psychodynamic family therapy
Structural family therapy
Systemic family therapy
Eclectic family therapy

16. Psychotherapy for children
Play therapy

17. Crisis intervention Problems leading to crisis Indications: Loss
Role changes
Relationship problems
Conflict problems
Indications:
well-motivated people with stable personalities who are facing major but transitory difficulties.

18. Crisis intervention: methods
Stage Ⅰ:
reduce arousal;
focus on current problems;
encourage self-help
StageⅡ:
assess problems;
consider solutions;
test solutions
StageⅢ:
consider future coping methods

19. Other psychological treatments
Hypnosis
Autogenic training
Abreaction
Meditation

20. Ethical problems in psychological treatment
Autonomy
Confidentiality
Exploitation

21. Thank you for your attention!