1. Quick Substitution Procedure
This PowerPoint on is based on the FIVB Rules of the Game

2. Technology on show
Today’s volleyball is characterised by technology…. …this is not evident at all levels but it is worth knowing what exists, at what levels, and how it is to be used.

3. For substitution everyone must appreciate:
the Rules stand above the technology;
the technology is meant to support the application of the Rules;
if the technology fails, referees need to rely on a knowledge of the rules and apply them with common sense;
the process of substitution is the same for the referees regardless of the technology in place;
the process for the scorer may vary slightly depending on the technology being used.

5. Quick Substitution Procedure
For a smooth transition into quick substitution procedure we need:
Two sets of numbered paddles (or large screen monitors)
A buzzer at the scorer’s table (either separate or built into the e-score software)
Understanding of the new procedure by coaches, players, referees and scorer

6. If using e-score and tablets
Make sure you disable two things:
There is no requirement for the scorer to know who is the game captain – so disable this function!
Disable “Horn sounds at coach request” and “Horn sounds at accept/ accept all”. If you don’t there can be confusion – the scorer must be in charge of the substitution process, not the technology.

7. If using e-score only Make sure you disable some functions as follows:
There is no requirement for the scorer to know who is the game captain – so disable this function!
Since not connected to tablets for substitution, line up, or challenge, disable these functions.

8. If using a paper scoresheet
There is no requirement to inform the scorer who is the game captain after a substitution – this simply slows down the whole process.

9. Substitution Rules
a The actual request for substitution is the entrance of the substitute player(s) into the substitution zone, ready to play, during a regular interruption. 
b If that is not the case, the substitution is not granted and the team is sanctioned for a delay.
c The request for substitution is acknowledged and announced by the scorer or second referee, by use of the buzzer or whistle respectively.
Numbered paddles are used to facilitate the substitution (not used at all levels).

10. The Scorer’s Job – tablet + e-score
SCORER is empowered to do more
Must be watchful
Must detect the players’ entry into the substitution zone
Must announce the players’ entry to the substitution zone by pressing the manual buzzer then accepting the pop up data from the team
Must record the entry of players
Must signal the 5th and 6th substitutions
Must signal the end of the substitution event.

11. The scorer’s job – e-score only
SCORER is empowered to do more
Must be watchful
Must detect the players’ entry into the substitution zone
Must announce the players’ entry to the substitution zone by pressing the manual buzzer
Must record the entry of players
Must signal the 5th and 6th substitutions
Must signal the end of each substitution event

12. The scorer’s job – paper scoresheet
SCORER is empowered to do more
Must be watchful
Must detect the players’ entry into the substitution zone
Must announce the players’ entry to the substitution zone by pressing the manual buzzer
Must record the entry of players and the score at substitution
Must signal the 5th and 6th substitutions
Must signal the end of the substitution event

13. The Scorer’s Job in detail
During a regular interruption, as soon as the substitute player steps into the substitution zone (between attack line and scorer’s table says the rule) the scorer presses the buzzer to announce the substitution “REQUEST”.
After the administration is complete, TWO HANDS must be raised to indicate that this is the case.
If the substitution had been illegal, the buzzer would be pressed again immediately, the scorer waves one hand to signify this, the substitution would be rejected, and the team would be sanctioned for DELAY.
If, the scorer fails to press the buzzer, the 2nd referee can whistle when the player enters the substitution zone. The coach should not request verbally or signal except in the case of injury.

14. The Players’ Job Get into the substitution zone in due time
Carry the correct paddle (if used) + be “ready”
If two players are to be substituted at once, they must both arrive at approximately “the same time”
As soon as a player steps into the substitution zone, the “request” is deemed to have been made

15. The Coach’s Job
The coach only sends the player(s) into the substitution zone
The coach does not need to make a substitution signal
The coach does not need to say anything
In fact the coach is discouraged from doing anything – that way leads to fewer problems

16. The 2nd Referee’s Job (Tablet)
Position: Stands between the scorer’s table and the post
Uses only body language to control players
Multiple substitutions may be done at one time
While overseeing the substitution, listens, without delaying, for a second buzzer indicating an illegal substitution
Where no tablet, uses a hand signal to facilitate the exchange (If tablet, need do nothing)
NEVER stops the players at the side line but checks that the substitute number matches the information on the post tablet.
Looks only for the final two handed Scorer’s “OK” signal

17. 2nd Referee’s job – no tablet
Position: Stands between the scorer’s table and the post
Uses only body language to control players
Takes one substitution at a time
While overseeing the substitution, listens, without delaying, for a second buzzer indicating an illegal substitution
Uses a hand signal to facilitate the exchange
NEVER stops the first player at the side line – but “holds back” the 2nd until the scorer’s first OK
Looks for the two handed Scorer’s final “OK” signal

18. Zones
Bench
Scorer
Warm up Area
Substitution Zone
Substitution Zone

19. Zones
Bench
Scorer
Warm up Area
Substitution Zone
Substitution Zone

20. Procedure Warm up Area Bench Scorer C R2
Faulty position for substitute to enter the court
Correct position for substitute enter the court
Position of player going out

21. Signal by coach is no longer necessary
Procedure
Bench
Scorer
Warm up Area C R2
Signal by coach is no longer necessary
Faulty position for substitute to enter the court
Correct position for substitute to enter the court
Position of player going out

22. Procedure
If using tablets, only final OK needed; if not OK must be given each time.
Bench
Scorer
Warm up Area C R2
The 2nd referee proceeds to finalize the substitution by signalling the players exchange unless he hears a second buzzer which is the signal of an illegal substitution
When the substitute player enters the substitution zone, the scorer pushes the buzzer or the second referee whistles
The scorer raises two hands when all inscriptions are registered on the score sheet
The second ref raises also two hands in direction of 1st ref. The game can resume
The player and the substitute go to the sideline

23. Procedure Warm up Area Bench Scorer C R2 No Tablet:
They must come one by one to the side line. The second one, waiting on the dotted line until authorised by the 2nd Referee – who also MUST wait for an OK two Handed signal from the scorer to say the 1st substitution is completed! That prompts substitution 2. There must be a final OK after this is administered(not shown).
To proceed with more than ONE substitution it is not necessary to signal
But the two substitutes must enter at the same time in the substitution zone

24. Two teams at once
The assistant scorer helps by “spotting” for the scorer and if an electronic score sheet is used will press the buzzer when the player enters the substitution zone. The scorer/ assistant will usually POINT to the team they are dealing with first if both teams send players in at once. The 2nd referee should follow their lead on this. The scorer/ assistant must BUZZ for the second team to make it obvious that this is a separate event.

25. Enter Through Yellow Zone
Just a Reminder
Bench
Scorer
Warm up Area
1.4.4 Replacement zone for Libero
Enter Through Yellow Zone

26. Special Cases
Why we need to keep the ability to REQUEST substitution

27. Questions?
Anything not clear – just ask...